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  2. Anti-defection law (India) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-defection_law_(India)

    Though corruption was a global phenomenon, the Gandhi period saw the disruptive politics of defection become rampant in India. [7] With rising public opinion [citation needed] for an anti-defection law, immediately after securing a clear majority in 1984, Rajiv Gandhi proposed the new anti-defection

  3. Defection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defection

    In politics, a defector is a person who gives up allegiance to one state in exchange for allegiance to another, changing sides in a way which is considered illegitimate by the first state. [1] More broadly, defection involves abandoning a person, cause, or doctrine to which one is bound by some tie, as of allegiance or duty. [2] [3]

  4. National Commission to review the working of the Constitution

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Commission_to...

    The terms of reference given to the Commission stated that it shall examine, in the light of the experience of the past fifty years, as to how best the Constitution can respond to the changing needs of efficient, smooth and effective system of governance and socio-economic development of modern India within the framework of parliamentary democracy, and to recommend changes, if any, that are ...

  5. Petrov Affair - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrov_Affair

    Petrov made contact with the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation (ASIO) and offered to provide evidence of Soviet espionage in exchange for political asylum. The defection was arranged by Michael Bialoguski, a Polish doctor and musician, and part-time ASIO agent, who had cultivated Petrov for nearly two years, befriending him and taking him to visit prostitutes in Sydney's King's ...

  6. List of Soviet and Eastern Bloc defectors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Soviet_and_Eastern...

    Spied for the U.S. for three years before defection. His wife in Moscow died two months after his defection, purportedly of suicide. Kirill Kondrashin: Conductor: Russia: 1978: Defected in December 1978 while touring in the Netherlands and sought political asylum there Ion Mihai Pacepa: Securitate agent: Romania: 1978

  7. Electoral reform in India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral_reform_in_India

    The Anti-Defection Law was passed in 1985 through the 52nd Amendment to the Constitution. The main intent of the law was to combat “the evil of political defections” by elected politicians for the lure of office.It mainly focus on crime background of any political leader before registering his/her name for election.

  8. 2015–2016 Arunachal Pradesh political crisis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015–2016_Arunachal...

    Starting April 2015, the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh underwent a political crisis. The Indian National Congress party in the Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly was divided between supporters of the serving Chief Minister Nabam Tuki and supporters of Kalikho Pul .

  9. Negative selection (politics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_selection_(politics)

    Negative selection is a political process that occurs especially in rigid hierarchies, most notably dictatorships, but also to lesser degrees in such settings as corporations or electoral politics. The person(s) on the top of the hierarchy, wishing to remain in power forever, chooses their associates with the prime criterion of incompetence ...