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Zeno of Citium (/ ˈ z iː n oʊ /; Koinē Greek: Ζήνων ὁ Κιτιεύς, Zēnōn ho Kitieus; c. 334 – c. 262 BC) was a Hellenistic philosopher from Citium (Κίτιον, Kition), Cyprus. [3] He was the founder of the Stoic school of philosophy, which he taught in Athens from about 300 BC.
Epictetus (/ ˌ ɛ p ɪ k ˈ t iː t ə s /, EH-pick-TEE-təss; [3] Ancient Greek: Ἐπίκτητος, Epíktētos; c. 50 – c. 135 AD) was a Greek Stoic philosopher. [4] [5] He was born into slavery at Hierapolis, Phrygia (present-day Pamukkale, in western Turkey) and lived in Rome until his banishment, when he went to Nicopolis in northwestern Greece, where he spent the rest of his life.
Polemon was the son of Euegetes, and he was a contemporary of Aristophanes of Byzantium and Ptolemy Epiphanes. [1] He was a follower of the Stoic philosopher Panaetius.He made extensive journeys throughout Greece to collect materials for his geographical works, in the course of which he paid particular attention to the inscriptions on votive offerings and on columns, whence he obtained the ...
Cleanthes was born in Assos in the Troad, about 330 BC. [a] According to Diogenes Laërtius, [2] he was the son of Phanias, and early in life he was a successful boxer.With but four drachmae in his possession he came to Athens, where he took up philosophy, listening first to the lectures of Crates the Cynic, [3] and then to those of Zeno, the Stoic.
Stoicism considers all existence as cyclical, the cosmos as eternally self-creating and self-destroying (see also Eternal return). Stoicism does not posit a beginning or end to the Universe. [32] According to the Stoics, the logos was the active reason or anima mundi pervading and animating the entire Universe. It was conceived as material and ...
Stoic who slandered Epicurus: 1st Century BC: Posidonius (of Apamea) (c. 135–51 BC) A philosopher, astronomer, and geographer Crinis (fl. uncertain) Stoic who wrote about logic: Proclus of Mallus (fl. uncertain) Stoic philosopher and writer Diodotus the Stoic (c. 130–59 BC) Stoic teacher of Cicero who lived in Cicero's house Geminus of Rhodes
Aristo came to be regarded as a marginal figure in the history of Stoicism, but in his day, he was an important philosopher whose lectures drew large crowds. [26] Eratosthenes , who lived in Athens as a young man, claimed that Aristo and Arcesilaus were the two most important philosophers of his age. [ 27 ]
Zeno was a pupil of Chrysippus, [1] and when Chrysippus died c. 206 BC, he succeeded him to become the fourth scholarch of the Stoic school in Athens. [2]According to Diogenes Laërtius, he wrote very few books, but left a great number of disciples. [1]