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A rectal prolapse occurs when walls of the rectum have prolapsed to such a degree that they protrude out of the anus and are visible outside the body. [2] However, most researchers agree that there are 3 to 5 different types of rectal prolapse, depending on whether the prolapsed section is visible externally, and whether the full or only partial thickness of the rectal wall is involved.
Visceroptosis is a prolapse or a sinking of the abdominal viscera (internal organs) below their natural position. "Ptosis" being the defining term, any or all of the organs may be displaced downward. When only the intestines are involved, the condition is known as enteroptosis.
In medicine, prolapse is a condition in which organs fall down or slip out of place. It is used for organs protruding through the vagina, rectum, or for the misalignment of the valves of the heart. A spinal disc herniation is also sometimes called "disc prolapse". Prolapse means "to fall out of place", from the Latin prolabi meaning "to fall out".
Eggs are deposited from human feces to soil where, after two to three weeks, they become embryonated and enter the "infective" stage. These embryonated infective eggs are ingested by hand-mouth or through fomites and hatch in the human small intestine , exploiting the intestinal microflora as a stimulus to hatching. [ 4 ]
The signs and symptoms are variable, and in up to 25% of patients there may be no symptoms. [3] The most common signs and symptoms are bleeding, which can vary from minor to severe, rectal prolapse and incomplete evacuation (35%-76% of cases). [4]
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is characterized by descent of pelvic organs from their normal positions into the vagina. In women, the condition usually occurs when the pelvic floor collapses after gynecological cancer treatment, childbirth or heavy lifting. [ 2 ]
The equivalent structure in males is the rectovesical pouch, which is the pocket formed by the reflections of the peritoneum from the rectum to the male bladder. In terms of pelvic organ prolapse, a cul-de-sac hernia is located in the posterior compartment of the pelvis. [5]
The procedure reduces constipation and fecal incontinence in patients with rectal prolapse or rectal intussusception, and has a low rate of complications and recurrence. [64] The procedure is able to correct multiple anatomical defects associated with vaginal and rectal prolapse, as well as improving function in terms of continence and defecation.