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A sea turtle clutch. A clutch of eggs is the group of eggs produced by birds, amphibians, or reptiles, often at a single time, particularly those laid in a nest. In birds, destruction of a clutch by predators (or removal by humans, for example the California condor breeding program) results in double-clutching. The technique is used to double ...
Avian clutch size should be proportional to breeding season resource productivity per breeding pair of birds. [10] This relationship has been found in a series of studies from Alaska and Costa Rica. [10] According to Ashmole's Hypothesis, the clutch size of resident birds is proportional to the level of competition with migrant birds. [11]
All bird eggs contain the following components: [1] The embryo is the immature developing chick; The amnion is a membrane that initially covers the embryo and eventually fills with amniotic fluid, provides the embryo with protection against shock from movement
A clutch consists of three to five cyan-colored eggs, and is incubated by the female alone. The eggs hatch after 14 days, and the chicks leave the nest a further two weeks later. The altricial chicks are naked and have their eyes closed for the first few days after hatching. [44] The chicks are fed earthworms, insects, and berries.
Their clutch size can vary, usually between 3–7. [5] Eggs are usually a tan color with darker speckles throughout to allow for camouflage. [8] The female bird primarily incubates for 12–14 days. [5] The chicks leave the nest only 2 weeks after hatching. [5] Nests are not built in isolation, but in colonies of up to 30 pairs. [5]
Lack's principle, proposed by the British ornithologist David Lack in 1954, states that "the clutch size of each species of bird has been adapted by natural selection to correspond with the largest number of young for which the parents can, on average, provide enough food". [1]
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Bird ringing is the term used in the UK and in some other parts of Europe, while the term bird banding is more often used in the U.S. and Australia. [49] bird strike The impact of a bird or birds with an airplane in flight. [50] body down The layer of small, fluffy down feathers that lie underneath the outer contour feathers on a bird's body. [51]