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Ceftriaxone, sold under the brand name Rocephin, is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. [4] These include middle ear infections, endocarditis, meningitis, pneumonia, bone and joint infections, intra-abdominal infections, skin infections, urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, and pelvic inflammatory disease. [4]
As of 2010, the recommended treatment is a single 250 mg intramuscular injection of ceftriaxone, sometimes in combination with azithromycin or doxycycline. [3] [4] However, certain strains of N. gonorrhoeae can be resistant to antibiotics that are normally used to treat it.
Gonorrhea if left untreated may last for weeks or months with higher risks of complications. [19] One of the complications of gonorrhea is systemic dissemination resulting in skin pustules or petechia, septic arthritis, meningitis, or endocarditis. [19] This occurs in between 0.6 and 3% of infected women and 0.4 and 0.7% of infected men. [19]
Each drug should be administered as a single dose, with the gentamicin entering intramuscularly at a concentration of 240 mg, along with 2 g of azithromycin taken orally. [75] If an individual is not allergic to cephalosporins but ceftriaxone is unavailable, an alternative treatment is a single dose of 800 mg cefixime consumed orally. [75]
Since August 2012, the third-generation cephalosporin, ceftriaxone, is the only recommended treatment for gonorrhea in the United States (in addition to azithromycin or doxycycline for concurrent Chlamydia treatment). Cefixime is no longer recommended as a first-line treatment due to evidence of decreasing susceptibility. [30] Ceftriaxone ...
Ceftriaxone (IV and IM, not orally, effective also for syphilis and uncomplicated gonorrhea) Rocephin: Cephalosporins (Fourth generation) Cefepime: Maxipime: Covers pseudomonal infections. Gastrointestinal upset and diarrhea; Nausea (if alcohol taken concurrently) Allergic reactions
Rates of reported gonorrhea have increased 111% since the historic low in 2009. During 2019–2020, the overall rate of reported gonorrhea increased 5.7%; rates increased among both males and females and in three regions of the United States (Midwest, Northeast, and South); rates of reported gonorrhea increased in 36 states and two US territories.
It is typically used to treat acute otitis media, pharyngitis, sinusitis, and gonorrhea. It also finds use as oral continuation therapy when intravenous cephalosporins (such as ceftriaxone) are no longer necessary for continued treatment. Cefpodoxime inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls.