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Another, short wall was added in later times, probably in the reign of Theophilos, stretching from the junction of the land and sea walls to the sea itself, and pierced by the so-called Wooden Gate (Ξυλίνη πύλη, Xylinē pylē, or Ξυλόπορτα, Xyloporta). Both this wall and the gate were demolished in 1868.
The water trench [3] [4] which stood in front of the triple land walls of Constantinople was later filled with earth and used for agriculture Construction of the Walls of Constantinople began under Constantine the Great, who enlarged the previously existing walls of Byzantium in order to defend the new Roman capital city which quickly grew ...
The Lycus reached the walls of Constantinople between the gates of Carisius and St. Romanus (corresponding to modern Edirnekapı and Topkapı), just south of the Fifth Military Gate, passed under the walls and entered the city. [1] At that point a tower, now known as "Sulukule," meaning "water tower", protected the river.
The water comes from two lines from the north-east and one coming from the north-west, which join together outside the walls, near the Adrianople Gate (Edirne Kapı). [3] Near the east end of the aqueduct there is a distribution plant, and another lies near Hagia Sophia. The water feeds the zone of the imperial palace. [8]
The Theodosian Walls consisted of a double wall lying about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) to the west of the first wall and a moat with palisades in front. [12] Constantinople's location between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara reduced the land area that needed defensive walls.
The III rd regio was largely filled with the large circus, called the Hippodrome, which was Constantinople's equivalent of the Circus Maximus in Rome. [6] Its southern edge was the harbour that Zosimus called the "harbour of Julian ", otherwise known as the Kontoskalion .
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The Hexamilion wall (Greek: Εξαμίλιον τείχος, "six-mile wall") was a defensive wall constructed across the Isthmus of Corinth, guarding the only land route onto the Peloponnese peninsula from mainland Greece. It was constructed between AD 408 and 450, under the reign of Theodosius II.