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The only movements permitted in the joints of the digits are flexion and extension; these movements are more extensive between the first and second phalanges than between the second and third. The flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus flex the interphalangeal joint of the big toe and lateral four toes, respectively.
At the metatarsophalangeal joint the plantar plate plays an important role in the foot's weight-bearing function. The plantar plate is attached to the proximal phalanx, to the major longitudinal bands of the plantar fascia, and to the collateral ligaments. Together with the collateral ligaments, it forms a soft tissue box which is connected to ...
Plantar fasciitis or plantar heel pain is a disorder of the plantar fascia, which is the connective tissue that supports the arch of the foot. [2] It results in pain in the heel and bottom of the foot that is usually most severe with the first steps of the day or following a period of rest.
The phalanges of the foot differ from the hand in that they are often shorter and more compressed, especially in the proximal phalanges, those closest to the torso. [3] A phalanx is named according to whether it is proximal, middle, or distal and its associated finger or toe. The proximal phalanges are those that are closest to the hand or foot.
The second and third metatarsals are fixed while walking, thus these metatarsals are common sites of injury. The fifth metatarsal may be fractured if the foot is oversupinated during locomotion. [9] Protection from injuries can be given by the use of safety footwear which can use built-in or removable metatarsal guards.
[number-code of phalanx, counting 1-3 outwards from the foot].[number-code of location on the bone, with 1 being the inner end, 3 the outer, and 2 in-between]. [10] So, for instance, 88.1.2.1 means a fracture to the big toe's innermost bone, at the proximal end. [10] [11] A letter can be added to describe the fracture pattern. [11]
Download as PDF; Printable version ... Proximal phalanx of digit 1 (hallux, or the ... The extensor hallucis brevis is a muscle on the top of the foot that helps to ...
A hammer toe, hammertoe or contracted toe is a deformity of the muscles and ligaments of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the second, third, fourth, or fifth toe, bending it into a shape resembling a hammer. In the early stage, a flexible hammertoe is movable at the joints; a rigid hammertoe joint cannot be moved and usually requires ...