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The term "Second Northern War", coined in Polish historiography (Druga Wojna Północna), has lately been increasingly adopted by German and English language historiography. [4] Another ambiguous term referring to the Second Northern War is the Little Northern War, [ 5 ] which however might also refer to the 1741–43 war.
In the First Northern War from 1655 to 1660, during the reign of Charles X, Sweden was set on expansion. Through military action, Sweden rapidly became the strongest military power in the north. Frederick III was suffering under the humiliating loss of traditional Danish provinces to Sweden in 1645. As Charles X appeared to be fully occupied in ...
The Deluge was a series of mid-17th-century military campaigns in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.In a wider sense, it applies to the period between the Khmelnytsky Uprising of 1648 and the Truce of Andrusovo in 1667, comprising the Polish theatres of the Russo-Polish and Second Northern Wars. [6]
The Assault on Copenhagen (Danish: Stormen på København; Swedish: Stormningen av Köpenhamn) also known as the Battle of Copenhagen on 11 February 1659 was a major engagement during the Second Northern War, taking place during the Swedish Siege of Copenhagen.
The Russo-Polish War (1654–1667), also known as the "Thirteen Years' War"; "First Northern War" according to some Russian historians [2] The Second Northern War (1655–1660), "First Northern War" according to traditional English, German, Russian and Scandinavian historiography, in Poland known as Swedish Deluge [ 2 ]
The siege of Kraków was one of the battles during the Swedish invasion of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (Second Northern War / Deluge). Lasting for two and a half weeks, it started on September 25 and ended on October 13, 1655. The capitulation treaty was signed on October 17, and Polish troops marched out of the city two days later.
The siege of Jasna Góra (also known less accurately as the battle of Częstochowa, Polish: Oblężenie Jasnej Góry) took place in the winter of 1655 during the Second Northern War, or 'The Deluge' – as the Swedish invasion of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth is known.
On 5 June 1657, Denmark declared war on Sweden which was under heavy pressure in the Second Northern War against Poland and Russia. Although Charles X Gustav was deeply involved in the conflict with the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth , he chose to move the bulk of his army to Jutland and invade Denmark.