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In thermodynamics, the Joule–Thomson effect (also known as the Joule–Kelvin effect or Kelvin–Joule effect) describes the temperature change of a real gas or liquid (as differentiated from an ideal gas) when it is expanding; typically caused by the pressure loss from flow through a valve or porous plug while keeping it insulated so that no heat is exchanged with the environment.
Also assume the center is moving fastest while the liquid touching the walls of the tube is stationary (due to the no-slip condition). To figure out the motion of the liquid, all forces acting on each lamina must be known: The pressure force pushing the liquid through the tube is the change in pressure multiplied by the area: F = −A Δp. This ...
Pressure drop (often abbreviated as "dP" or "ΔP") [1] is defined as the difference in total pressure between two points of a fluid carrying network. A pressure drop occurs when frictional forces, caused by the resistance to flow, act on a fluid as it flows through a conduit (such as a channel, pipe , or tube ).
For air with a heat capacity ratio =, then =; other gases have in the range 1.09 (e.g. butane) to 1.67 (monatomic gases), so the critical pressure ratio varies in the range < / <, which means that, depending on the gas, choked flow usually occurs when the downstream static pressure drops to below 0.487 to 0.587 times the absolute pressure in ...
Paschen studied the breakdown voltage of various gases between parallel metal plates as the gas pressure and gap distance were varied: With a constant gap length, the voltage necessary to arc across the gap decreased as the pressure was reduced and then increased gradually, exceeding its original value.
An area of high pressure that originated in the Arctic has plunged southward across the region, providing the cold air to support snow, and moisture from the Pacific Ocean and Gulf of Mexico will ...
An arctic blast will send temperatures across the United States plummeting as bitterly cold air that originated in Siberia will arrive from Canada by week’s end, bringing with it dangerously ...
Following this week’s storms, more winter weather will continue to pound much of the eastern U.S. this weekend, bringing impacts for more than 100 million Americans ahead of dangerously cold ...