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Laser ablation of thyroid nodules is a minimally invasive procedure indicated to treat benign thyroid lesions [1] such as cold nodules or single nodules within a multinodular goiter. The technique consists in the destruction of the tissue by the insertion therein of optical fibers which convey the light energy, causing a complete and not ...
Colloid nodules, also known as adenomatous nodules [1] or colloid nodular goiter [2] are benign, noncancerous enlargement of thyroid tissue. [3] Although they may grow large, and there may be more than one, they are not malignant and they will not spread beyond the thyroid gland. Colloid nodules are the most common kind of thyroid nodule. [4]
A goitre, or goiter, is a swelling in the neck resulting from an enlarged thyroid gland. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] A goitre can be associated with a thyroid that is not functioning properly. Worldwide, over 90% of goitre cases are caused by iodine deficiency . [ 3 ]
There are many factors to consider when diagnosing a malignant lump. Trouble swallowing or speaking, swollen cervical lymph nodes or a firm, immobile nodule are more indicative of malignancy, whereas a family history of autoimmune disease or goiter, thyroid hormonal dysfunction or a soft, painful nodule are more indicative of benignancy.
Thyroidectomy is used in the treatment of: Thyroid cancer; Toxic thyroid nodule (produces too much thyroid hormone) Multinodular goiter (enlarged thyroid gland with many nodules), especially if there is compression of nearby structures; Graves' disease, especially if there is exophthalmos (bulging eyes)
In contrast, a multinodular goiter is usually thought to result from a hyperplastic response of the entire thyroid gland to a stimulus, such as iodine deficiency. Careful pathological examination may be necessary to distinguish a thyroid adenoma from a minimally invasive follicular thyroid carcinoma .
Surgery of the thyroid gland constitutes the bulk of endocrine surgical procedures worldwide. This may be done for a variety of conditions, help ranging from benign multinodular goiter to thyroid cancer.
Thyroid diseases are highly prevalent worldwide, [10] [11] [12] and treatment varies based on the disorder. Levothyroxine is the mainstay of treatment for people with hypothyroidism, [13] while people with hyperthyroidism caused by Graves' disease can be managed with iodine therapy, antithyroid medication, or surgical removal of the thyroid ...