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Texas was a prime location for agricultural immigration, due to its numerous rivers and rich soil. [14] Due to high amounts of immigration, the settled population of Texas rose to nearly 147,000 in 1847. [14] The settled population eventually rose to 600,000 in 1860. [14] San Antonio became one of the largest cities in Texas during this time. [15]
Texas Declares Independence. Austin and Tanner map of Texas in 1836 Detail of the Republic of Texas from the Lizars map of Mexico and Guatemala, circa 1836. March 2 – The Texas Declaration of Independence is signed by 58 delegates at an assembly at Washington-on-the-Brazos and the Republic of Texas is declared. [1]
Martín de Alarcón, who had been appointed governor of Texas in late 1716, wished to establish a way station between the settlements along the Rio Grande and the new missions in East Texas. [41] Alarcón led a group of 72 people, including 10 families, into Texas in April 1718, where they settled along the San Antonio River .
Texas officials were at the moment deeply engaged in exploring settlements with Mexican diplomats, facilitated by Great Britain. Texas's predominant concern was not British interference with the institution of slavery – English diplomats had not alluded to the issue – but the avoidance of any resumption of hostilities with Mexico. [72]
About 22 miles (35 km) to the northwest of his settlement was a community called Bird's Fort — Bryan invited the settlers there to live in Dallas at his proposed city. John Beeman arrived in April 1842 and he planted the first corn. Other families soon followed suit, including members of the Peter's Colony settlement nearby. [1]
Before the year was over, the Texas Cherokee would be forcibly removed from the settlements in the Cherokee War of 1839. Almost 600 Cherokee, mostly women and children, led by Chief Bowl, fought the Texans in two separate battles on July 15 and 16, 1839.
1843 – The Treaty of Bird's Fort between the Republic of Texas and several Indian tribes was signed at Bird's Fort in present-day Haltom City, Texas.Article XI of the treaty provided that no one may "pass the line of trading houses" (at the border of the Indians' territory) without permission of the President of Texas, and may not reside or remain in the Indians' territory.
Texian was a popular demonym, used by Texas colonists, for all the people of the Republic of Texas (1836–1846), before it became a U.S. state. [5] This term was used by early colonists and public officials, including many Texas residents, [ 5 ] and President Mirabeau Lamar frequently used it to foster Texas nationalism.