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Christmas controversies. Appearance. A 1931 edition of the Soviet magazine Bezbozhnik, published by the League of Militant Atheists, depicting an Orthodox Christian priest being forbidden to take home a tree for the celebration of Christmastide, which was banned under the Marxist–Leninist doctrine of state atheism [ 1 ] Christmas is the ...
Neapolitan presepio at the Carnegie Museum of Art in Pittsburgh Detail of an elaborate Neapolitan presepio in Rome. In the Christian tradition, a nativity scene (also known as a manger scene, crib, crèche (/ k r ɛ ʃ / or / k r eɪ ʃ /), or in Italian presepio or presepe, or Bethlehem) is the special exhibition, particularly during the Christmas season, of art objects representing the birth ...
v. t. e. The first page of Genesis from the 1611 first edition of the Authorized King James Version. The KJV is an Early Modern English translation of the Bible by certain members of the Church of England that was begun in 1604 and completed in 1611. [ 1 ] John Winthrop (1587/8-1649), Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, who led the ...
The 16th-century Christmas carol "God Rest Ye Merry Gentlemen" says, "God rest ye merry, gentlemen / Let nothing you dismay / Remember, Christ, our Saviour / Was born on Christmas Day."
Puritans. The Puritan culture of the New England colonies of the seventeenth century was influenced by Calvinist theology, which believed in a "just, almighty God," [1] and a lifestyle of pious, consecrated actions. The Puritans participated in their own forms of recreational activity, including visual arts, literature, and music.
Father Christmas, a jolly, stout, bearded man who typified the spirit of good cheer at Christmas, predates the Santa Claus character. He was first recorded in early 17th century England but was associated with holiday merrymaking and drunkenness rather than bringing gifts. [27] In Victorian Britain, his image was remade to match that of Santa.
Grýla [a] is an ogress, first mentioned in 13th-century texts such as Íslendinga saga and Sverris saga, [4] but not explicitly connected with Christmas until the 17th century. She is enormous, and her appearance is repulsive. Grýla is also mentioned in the Skáldskaparmál section of the 13th-century Prose Edda by Snorri Sturluson.
In England, the Lord of Misrule – known in Scotland as the Abbot of Unreason and in France as the Prince des Sots – was an officer appointed by lot during Christmastide to preside over the Feast of Fools. The Lord of Misrule was generally a peasant or sub-deacon appointed to be in charge of Christmas revelries, which often included ...