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A glycogen storage disease(GSD, also glycogenosisand dextrinosis) is a metabolic disordercaused by a deficiency of an enzymeor transport proteinaffecting glycogen synthesis, glycogen breakdown, or glucose breakdown, typically in musclesand/or livercells. [1] GSD has two classes of cause: genetic and environmental.
Gestational diabetes is a condition in which a woman without diabetes develops high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. [ 2 ] Gestational diabetes generally results in few symptoms; [ 2 ] however, it increases the risk of pre-eclampsia, depression, and of needing a Caesarean section. [ 2 ] Babies born to individuals with poorly treated ...
Glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I) is an inherited disease that prevents the liver from properly breaking down stored glycogen, which is necessary to maintain adequate blood sugar levels. GSD I is divided into two main types, GSD Ia and GSD Ib, which differ in cause, presentation, and treatment. There are also possibly rarer subtypes, the ...
Clinical manifestations of glycogen storage disease type III are divided into four classes: [3] GSD IIIa, is the most common, (along with GSD IIIb) and which clinically includes muscle and liver involvement; GSD IIIb, which clinically has liver involvement but no muscle involvement; GSD IIIc which clinically affects liver and muscle.
Glycogen storage disease type II has an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. Pompe disease has an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. This means the defective gene is located on an autosome , and two faulty copies of the gene—one from each parent—are required to be born with the disorder.
Ketosis is a metabolic state characterized by elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood or urine. Physiological ketosis is a normal response to low glucose availability. In physiological ketosis, ketones in the blood are elevated above baseline levels, but the body's acid–base homeostasis is maintained. This contrasts with ketoacidosis ...
During the next 15 years the underlying defect remained unknown but since the plasmaprotein transferrin was underglycosylated (as shown by e.g. isoelectric focusing), the new syndrome was named carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome (CDGS) [1] Its "classic" phenotype included psychomotor retardation, ataxia, strabismus, anomalies (fat ...
Glycogen storage disease type V (GSD5, GSD-V), [1] also known as McArdle's disease, [2] is a metabolic disorder, one of the metabolic myopathies, more specifically a muscle glycogen storage disease, caused by a deficiency of myophosphorylase. [3] [4] Its incidence is reported as one in 100,000, roughly the same as glycogen storage disease type ...