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Collective memory has been conceptualized in several ways and proposed to have certain attributes. For instance, collective memory can refer to a shared body of knowledge (e.g., memory of a nation's past leaders or presidents); [6] [7] [8] the image, narrative, values and ideas of a social group; or the continuous process by which collective memories of events change.
Memory studies is an academic field studying the use of memory as a tool for remembering the past. It emerged as a new and different way for scholars to think about past events at the end of the 20th century.
Memory work is a process of engaging with the past which has both an ethical and historical dimension. [1] During memory work, the process of producing an image or what we refer to as the production of the imaginary, is central. Therefore, the key in the analysis of remembered history are contradictions. [2]
National memory is a form of collective memory defined by shared experiences and culture. It is an integral part to national identity . It represents one specific form of cultural memory , which makes an essential contribution to national group cohesion .
Cultural memory is a form of collective memory shared by a group of people who share a culture. [1] The theory posits that memory is not just an individual, private experience but also part of the collective domain, which both shapes the future and our understanding of the past.
A memory law ( transl. Erinnerungsgesetz in German, transl. loi mémorielle in French) is a legal provision governing the interpretation of historical events and showcases the legislator's or judicial preference for a certain narrative about the past. In the process, competing interpretations may be downplayed, sidelined, or even prohibited.
In 2007 the work of the Association was given state support by the Historical Memory Law, an initiative of the Zapatero administration. However, the Spanish government under Mariano Rajoy (2011–2018) was less cooperative and, for example, refused to open historical archives that would allow experts and historians to throw light on the fate of ...
Recall is a major part of memory so the history of the study of memory in general also provides a history of the study of recall. Hermann Ebbinghaus In 1885, Hermann Ebbinghaus created nonsense syllables , combinations of letters that do not follow grammatical rules and have no meaning, to test his own memory.