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A lentigo (/ l ɛ n ˈ t aɪ ɡ oʊ /) (plural lentigines, / l ɛ n ˈ t ɪ dʒ ɪ n iː z /) is a small pigmented spot on the skin with a clearly defined edge, surrounded by normal-appearing skin. It is a harmless (benign) hyperplasia of melanocytes which is linear in its spread.
From the age of 40, the skin is less able to regenerate from sun exposure, and liver spots are very common in this age group, particularly in those who spend time in the sun. [7] In the overwhelming majority of cases, liver spots pose no threat and require no treatment, though they occasionally have been known to obscure the detection of skin ...
Actinic keratosis (AK), sometimes called solar keratosis or senile keratosis, [1] [2] is a pre-cancerous [3] area of thick, scaly, or crusty skin. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Actinic keratosis is a disorder ( -osis ) of epidermal keratinocytes that is induced by ultraviolet (UV) light exposure ( actin- ).
A seborrheic keratosis is a non-cancerous skin tumour that originates from cells, namely keratinocytes, in the outer layer of the skin called the epidermis. Like liver spots, seborrheic keratoses are seen more often as people age. [4] The tumours (also called lesions) appear in various colours, from light tan to black.
The Mongolian spot is a congenital developmental condition exclusively involving the skin. The blue colour is caused by melanocytes , melanin -containing cells, that are deep under the skin. [ 6 ] Usually, as multiple spots or one large patch, it covers one or more of the lumbosacral area (lower back ), the buttocks , sides, and shoulders . [ 6 ]
Hypopigmentation (when the skin is lighter than normal) of lesions are less common but can be found in children, adolescents and/or dark-skinned individuals. [ 7 ] The advanced stage of mycosis fungoides is characterized by generalized erythroderma (red rash covering most of the body) with severe pruritus (itching) and scaling. [ 4 ]
The skin weighs an average of four kilograms, covers an area of two square metres, and is made of three distinct layers: the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. [1] The two main types of human skin are: glabrous skin, the hairless skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin. [3]
Red or brown spots are often seen on the skin, typically around the chest, forehead, and back. These mast cells, when irritated (e.g. by rubbing the skin, heat exposure), produce too much histamine, triggering an allergic reaction that leads to hives localized to the area of irritation, sometimes referred to as Darier's sign. Severe itching ...
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