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Quantum entanglement is the phenomenon of a group of particles being generated, interacting, or sharing spatial proximity in such a way that the quantum state of each particle of the group cannot be described independently of the state of the others, including when the particles are separated by a large distance.
The W state is an entangled quantum state of three qubits which in the bra-ket notation has the following shape | = (| + | + | ) and which is remarkable for representing a specific type of multipartite entanglement and for occurring in several applications in quantum information theory.
ER = EPR is a conjecture in physics stating that two entangled particles (a so-called Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen or EPR pair) are connected by a wormhole (or Einstein–Rosen bridge) [1] [2] and is thought by some to be a basis for unifying general relativity and quantum mechanics into a theory of everything.
Quantum imaging [1] [2] is a new sub-field of quantum optics that exploits quantum correlations such as quantum entanglement of the electromagnetic field in order to image objects with a resolution or other imaging criteria that is beyond what is possible in classical optics.
Scientists suggest quantum entanglement in myelin sheaths generates consciousness, offering a groundbreaking new perspective on brain function and cognition.
For entanglement in a single qubit variable, only three distinct classes out of four Bell states are distinguishable using such linear optical techniques. This means two Bell states cannot be distinguished from each other, limiting the efficiency of quantum communication protocols such as teleportation. If a Bell state is measured from this ...
Entanglement of formation quantifies how much entanglement (measured in ebits) is necessary, on average, to prepare the state. The measure clearly coincides with entanglement entropy for pure states. It is zero for all separable states and non-zero for all entangled states. By construction, is convex.
A pure quantum state is a state that can not be written as a probabilistic mixture, or convex combination, of other quantum states. [5] There are several equivalent characterizations of pure states in the language of density operators. [9]: 73 A density operator represents a pure state if and only if: