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Python allows the creation of class methods and static methods via the use of the @classmethod and @staticmethod decorators. The first argument to a class method is the class object instead of the self-reference to the instance. A static method has no special first argument. Neither the instance, nor the class object is passed to a static method.
Decorator pattern: decorator object adds its own members, forwarding others to the decorated object. Proxy pattern: proxy object forwards member use to real object. Forwarding may be used in other patterns, but often use is modified; for example, a method call on one object results in several different methods being called on another: Adapter ...
pointer to function; pointer to member function; functor; lambda expression. std::function is a template class that can hold any callable object that matches its signature. In C++, any class that overloads the function call operator operator() may be called using function-call syntax.
Methods on objects are functions attached to the object's class; the syntax instance. method (argument) is, for normal methods and functions, syntactic sugar for Class. method (instance, argument). Python methods have an explicit self parameter to access instance data , in contrast to the implicit self (or this ) in some other object-oriented ...
Method overriding, in object-oriented programming, is a language feature that allows a subclass or child class to provide a specific implementation of a method that is already provided by one of its superclasses or parent classes.
In computer science, a mutator method is a method used to control changes to a variable. They are also widely known as setter methods. Often a setter is accompanied by a getter, which returns the value of the private member variable.
Function object: with a single method (in C++, the function operator, operator()) it acts much like a function; Immutable object: does not change state after creation; First-class object: can be used without restriction; Container object: contains other objects; Factory object: creates other objects
The same function name is used for more than one function definition in a particular module, class or namespace; The functions must have different type signatures, i.e. differ in the number or the types of their formal parameters (as in C++) or additionally in their return type (as in Ada).