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The 2nd century is the period from AD 101 (represented by the Roman numerals CI) through AD 200 (CC) in accordance with the Julian calendar. It is considered part of the Classical era , epoch, or historical period .
A hierarchy within Pauline Christianity seems to have developed by the late 1st century and early second century. [ 65 ] (see Pastoral Epistles , c. 90–140 [ 65 ] ) Robert Williams posits that the "origin and earliest development of episcopacy and monepiscopacy and the ecclesiastical concept of (apostolic) succession were associated with ...
The Egerton Gospel (British Library Egerton Papyrus 2) refers to a collection of three papyrus fragments of a codex of a previously unknown gospel, found in Egypt and sold to the British Museum in 1934; the physical fragments are now dated to the very end of the 2nd century CE. Together they comprise one of the oldest surviving witnesses to any ...
Christianity then rapidly grew in the 4th century, accounting for 56.5% of the Roman population by 350. [43] By the latter half of the second century, Christianity had spread east throughout Media, Persia, Parthia, and Bactria. The twenty bishops and many presbyters were more of the order of itinerant missionaries, passing from place to place ...
The history of the Jews in Babylonia is largely unknown for the four centuries covering the period from Ezra (c. 5th century BCE) [7] to Hillel the Elder (traditionally c. 110 BCE – 10 CE); and the history of the succeeding two centuries, from Hillel to Judah the Prince (fl. 2nd century CE), furnishes only a few scanty items on the state of learning among the Babylonian Jews.
Before baptism the Heimarmene is supreme, but after baptism the soul is free from her. [33] [36] According to Jorunn J. Buckley, a Mandaean baptismal formula was adopted by Valentinian Gnostics in Rome and Alexandria in the 2nd century CE. [37]: 109
The doctrine of the Trinity, considered the core of Christian theology by Trinitarians, is the result of continuous exploration by the church of the biblical data, thrashed out in debate and treatises, eventually formulated at the First Council of Nicaea in AD 325 in a way they believe is consistent with the biblical witness, and further refined in later councils and writings. [1]
The Academy of Gondishapur was established in the third century CE under the rule of Sassanid kings and continued its scholarly activities up to four centuries after Islam came to Persia. It was an important medical centre of the sixth and seventh centuries and a prominent example of higher education model in pre-Islam Persia. [31]