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A parathyroid adenoma is a benign tumor of the parathyroid gland. It generally causes hyperparathyroidism; there are very few reports of parathyroid adenomas that were not associated with hyperparathyroidism. [1] A human being usually has four parathyroid glands located on the posterior surface of the thyroid in the neck.
The developing parathyroid glands are physiologically functional beginning in the second trimester. [citation needed] Studies in mice have shown that interfering with the HOX15 gene can cause parathyroid gland aplasia, which suggests the gene plays an important role in the development of the parathyroid gland. [9]
The parathyroid glands do this by secreting parathyroid hormone (PTH). [11] Parathyroid hormone (also known as parathormone) is a small protein that takes part in the control of calcium and phosphate homeostasis, as well as bone physiology. Parathyroid hormone has effects antagonistic to those of calcitonin. [12] Calcium.
The most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism is a sporadic, single parathyroid adenoma [5] resulting from a clonal mutation (~97%). Less common are parathyroid hyperplasia [6] (~2.5%), parathyroid carcinoma (malignant tumor), and adenomas in more than one gland (together ~0.5%).Primary hyperparathyroidism is also a feature of several familial endocrine disorders: Multiple endocrine ...
A parathyroid adenoma is the most common cause of hyperparathyroidism. [2] They are more commonly found in women than in men. In this form, the chief cells mutate to exhibit multiple nuclei. [2] Chief cells in parathyroid adenomas also display acid phosphatase activity. [5] It is a benign tumor of the gland that requires surgical removal. [13]
A parathyroid neoplasm is a tumor of the parathyroid gland. Types include: Parathyroid adenoma [1] Parathyroid carcinoma [citation needed] References
Interactive maps, databases and real-time graphics from The Huffington Post
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism is a condition involving the overproduction of the hormone, parathyroid hormone, produced by the parathyroid glands. [1] The parathyroid glands are involved in monitoring and regulating blood calcium levels and respond by either producing or ceasing to produce parathyroid hormone.