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Folate targeting is a method utilized in biotechnology for drug delivery purposes. This Trojan Horse process, which was created by Drs. Christopher P. Leamon and Philip S. Low, involves the attachment of the vitamin, folate (), to a molecule/drug to form a "folate conjugate". [1]
Folate in the form of folic acid is used to treat anemia caused by folate deficiency. [3] Folic acid is also used as a supplement by women during pregnancy to reduce the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) in the baby. [3] [10] NTDs include anencephaly and spina bifida, among other defects.
The formulation contains folate as the calcium salt of levomefolic acid to lower the risk of complications such as fetal neural tube defects should the medication fail as a form of birth control. [3] EE/DRSP/LMF was approved for use by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in September 2010. [3] [4]
Folic acid is a synthetic derivative of folate and is acquired by dietary supplementation. [25] Multi-vitamin dietary supplements contain folic acid as well as other B vitamins. Non-prescription folic acid is available as a dietary supplement in some countries, and some countries require the fortification of wheat flour, corn meal or rice with ...
Antifolates are a class of antimetabolite medications that antagonise (that is, block) the actions of folic acid (vitamin B 9). [1] Folic acid's primary function in the body is as a cofactor to various methyltransferases involved in serine, methionine, thymidine and purine biosynthesis.
Levomefolic acid (and folic acid in turn) has been proposed for treatment of cardiovascular disease [10] [11] and advanced cancers such as breast and colorectal cancers. [12] It bypasses several metabolic steps in the body and better binds thymidylate synthase with FdUMP, a metabolite of the drug fluorouracil.
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A dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor (DHFR inhibitor) is a molecule that inhibits the function of dihydrofolate reductase, and is a type of antifolate.. Since folate is needed by rapidly dividing cells to make thymine, this effect may be used to therapeutic advantage.
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