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Sphalerite is an important ore of zinc; around 95% of all primary zinc is extracted from sphalerite ore. [42] However, due to its variable trace element content, sphalerite is also an important source of several other metals such as cadmium, [ 43 ] gallium, [ 44 ] germanium, [ 45 ] and indium [ 46 ] which replace zinc.
In each form, the coordination geometry at Zn and S is tetrahedral. The more stable cubic form is known also as zinc blende or sphalerite. The hexagonal form is known as the mineral wurtzite, although it also can be produced synthetically. [2] The transition from the sphalerite form to the wurtzite form occurs at around 1020 °C.
Sphalerite from Tennessee, USA. (~8.5 centimetres (3.3 in) across at its widest) A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties.
English: Black tetrahedral crystals of sphalerite up to 8 mm in size across this matrix (4.5 × 3.0 × 2.0 cm) with chalcopyrite and calcite. Found from Creede, Mineral County, Colorado, USA. Found from Creede, Mineral County, Colorado, USA.
English: Sphalerite & barite from Tennessee, USA. (CMC RM 1140, Cincinnati Museum Center's rock & mineral collection, Cincinnati Museum of Natural History & Science, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA) Locality: Cumberland Mine, Smith County, Tennessee, USA
He is credited with coining the mineral terms: pyrargyrite (1831), ozokerite (1833), sepiolite (1847), halite (1847), sphalerite (1847), arsenopyrite (1847), and liparite (1847). [2] He also conducted research in the field of botany — in 1836, paleobotanist Heinrich Göppert named the plant genus Glockeria in his honor.
Wurtzite is a zinc and iron sulfide mineral with the chemical formula (Zn,Fe)S, a less frequently encountered structural polymorph form of sphalerite. The iron content is variable up to eight percent. [5] It is trimorphous with matraite and sphalerite. [2] It occurs in hydrothermal deposits associated with sphalerite, pyrite, chalcopyrite ...
The zinc in sphalerite is also used to produce brass. This sample was extracted in Creede, Colorado, and features black tetrahedral crystals of sphalerite up to 8 mm (0.31 in) in size, with minor chalcopyrite and calcite, in a 4.5 cm × 3.0 cm × 2.0 cm (1.77 in × 1.18 in × 0.79 in) matrix.