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A hiatal hernia or hiatus hernia [2] is a type of hernia in which abdominal organs (typically the stomach) slip through the diaphragm into the middle compartment of the chest. [1] [3] This may result in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) with symptoms such as a taste of acid in the back of the mouth or heartburn.
[6] [7] Kinsbourne named the syndrome after his mentor, British neurologist Paul Sandifer, who had initially cared for the patients described in Kinsbourne's case reports. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ 10 ] See also
Kinsbourne was the first to identify and systematically describe the infant disorder "opsoclonus myoclonus" syndrome, sometimes called Kinsbourne syndrome in his honor. He also was first to describe "hiatus hernia" with contortions of the neck, subsequently called Sandifer Syndrome in honor of his mentor, Dr. Paul Sandifer.
A laparoscopic hernia repair is when the hiatal hernia is corrected using a covering for the mesh that is used to repair the weakened area. The defect is then measured and the mesh is stapled into place. [6] A benefit of performing Laparoscopic hernia repair is shorter recovery times compared to other methods.
A hiatus hernia may be treated with lifestyle changes such as raising the head of the bed, weight loss and adjusting eating habits. [3] The medications H2 blockers or proton pump inhibitors may help. [3] If the symptoms do not improve with medications, a surgery known as laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication may be an option. [3]
About one third of the cases are associated with a hiatal hernia. Treatment is surgical. The classic triad (Borchardt's Triad) of gastric volvulus, described by Borchardt in 1904, consists of severe epigastric pain, retching (due to sour taste in mouth) without vomiting, and inability to pass a nasogastric tube. It reportedly occurs in 70% of ...
In one report 10% of 100 people investigated for iron deficiency anemia had a large hiatal hernia. [3] A 1967 review found that 20% of 1305 individuals having surgery for hiatal hernia were anemic. [4] Cameron in 1976 [5] compared 259 people with large hiatal hernias visible on chest x-ray with 259 controls without hernias. Present or past ...
esophageal hiatus: T10: The esophageal hiatus is situated in the posterior part of the diaphragm, located slightly left of the west central tendon through the muscular sling of the right crus of the diaphragm. It contains the esophagus, and anterior and posterior vagal trunks, [7] left gastric artery and veins, and lymphatics. [8] aortic hiatus ...
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