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Stachybotrys chartarum (/ s t æ k iː ˈ b ɒ t r ɪ s tʃ ɑː r ˈ t ɛər ə m /, stak-ee-BO-tris char-TARE-əm, [2] also known as black mold [3] is a species of microfungus that produces its conidia in slime heads. Because of misinformation, S. chartarum has been inappropriately referred to as toxic mold.
Different marine habitats support very different fungal communities. Fungi can be found in niches ranging from ocean depths and coastal waters to mangrove swamps and estuaries with low salinity levels. [5] Marine fungi can be saprobic or parasitic on animals, saprobic or parasitic on algae, saprobic on plants or saprobic on dead wood. [2]
Sea ice chemistry is most influenced by the salinity of the brine which affects the pH and the concentration of dissolved nutrients and gases. The brine formed during the melting sea ice creates pores and channels in the sea ice in which these microbes can live. As a result of these gradients and dynamic conditions, a higher abundance of ...
This species is also psychrophilic, it can grow at temperatures between −10 and −3 °C (14 and 27 °F). [15] Cladosporium cladosporioides occurs outdoor environments year-round with peak spore concentration in the air occurring in summer where levels can range from 2,000 spores up to 50,000 spores per cubic meter of air. [ 16 ]
But often the story starts like this: Moisture in a home can cause mold, or fungus, to grow in carpets, on surfaces, and inside walls. ... Black molds, or so called toxic molds, can release ...
For some, mold can result in a stuffy nose, sore throat, coughing or wheezing, a skin rash, and burning eyes. Those with asthma or mold allergies may have severe reactions and some people may ...
When the extract is used to fight black mold, the acids continue penetrating growth and prevent mold spores from returning. Mix about 10 drops of grapefruit seed extract oil to every 1 cup of ...
The most infamous species, Stachybotrys chartarum (previously known as Stachybotrys atra) and Stachybotrys chlorohalonata, are known as black mold or toxic black mold in the U.S., and are frequently associated with poor indoor air quality that arises after fungal growth on water-damaged building materials. [9]