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A third subcategory, muscular hydrostats, can also be considered. Architecture type is determined by the direction in which the muscle fibers are oriented relative to the force-generating axis. The force produced by a given muscle is proportional to the cross-sectional area, or the number of parallel sarcomeres present. [2]
In adult vertebrates, trunk muscles can be broadly divided into hypaxial muscles, which lie ventral to the horizontal septum of the vertebrae and epaxial muscles, which lie dorsal to the septum. [1] Hypaxial muscles include some vertebral muscles, the diaphragm , the abdominal muscles, and all limb muscles.
ophthalmic artery, lateral muscular branch trochlear nerve [CNIV] abducts, intorts, and depress eye: right medial, superior, and inferior recti (superior and inferior oblique muscles are the synergists) 2 1 oblique, inferior: head, extraocular (left/right) orbital surface of maxilla, lateral to lacrimal groove
Figure 1 Pennate muscle fiber arrangements. The green lines represent PCSA; the blue lines represent ACSA. In muscle physiology, physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) is the area of the cross section of a muscle perpendicular to its fibers, generally at its largest point.
The muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle. It permits movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulates blood throughout the body. [ 1 ] The muscular systems in vertebrates are controlled through the nervous system although some muscles (such as the cardiac muscle ) can be completely autonomous.
The human musculoskeletal system (also known as the human locomotor system, and previously the activity system) is an organ system that gives humans the ability to move using their muscular and skeletal systems. The musculoskeletal system provides form, support, stability, and movement to the body.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), adults should get at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity weekly. For many people, it makes sense to tackle ...
There are a number of terms used in the naming of muscles including those relating to size, shape, action, location, their orientation, and their number of heads. By size brevis means short; longus means long; major means large; maximus means largest; minor means small, and minimus smallest.