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Ugarit, where the Hurrian songs were found. The complete song is one of about 36 such hymns in cuneiform writing, found on fragments of clay tablets excavated in the 1950s from the Royal Palace at Ugarit (present-day Ras Shamra, Syria), [5] in a stratum dating from the fourteenth century BC, [6] but is the only one surviving in substantially complete form.
One of the texts from this site preserves a Hurrian hymn dedicated to her, accompanied by musical notation. [39] Its contents were originally published by Emmanuel Laroche alongside other Hurrian texts from Ugarit in 1968, while the first author to propose that the text might represent musical notation was Hans Gustav Güterbock in 1970. [40]
One well known example of such a Hurrian hymn comes from Ugarit and is dedicated to Nikkal. [152] A genre of Hurrian songs whose name, zinzabuššiya, is derived from that of an unidentified bird, was associated with the worship of Šauška according to Hittite documents. [96] Divination is well attested as an element of Hurrian religious ...
The Hurrian pantheon consisted of gods of varied backgrounds, ... [148] and in a hymn to Teššub from Halab. [149] In myths about Kumarbi, he is one of his allies.
Hurrian Hymn No. 6, the "Hymn to Nikkal", is considered to be the oldest surviving substantially complete written music in the world. [136] At least five interpretations of this tablet have been made in an attempt to reconstruct the music, [137] notably by Anne Draffkorn Kilmer, Marcelle Duchesne-Guillemin, Raoul Vitale, and others.
While older music with notation exists (e.g. the Hurrian songs or the Delphic Hymns), all of it is in fragments; the Seikilos epitaph is unique in that it is a complete, though short, composition. Based on its structure and language, the artifact is generally understood to have been an epitaph (a tombstone inscription) created by a man named ...
c. 1400 BC - Hurrian songs, the oldest musical notation, is written in the ancient Amorite-Canaanite city of Ugarit. [5] [6] [7] See also. Timeline of musical events;
Ancient Eastern hymns include the Egyptian Great Hymn to the Aten, composed by Pharaoh Akhenaten; [6] the Hurrian Hymn to Nikkal; [7] the Rigveda, an Indian collection of Vedic hymns; [8] hymns from the Classic of Poetry (Shijing), a collection of Chinese poems from 11th to 7th centuries BC; [9] the Gathas—Avestan hymns believed to have been composed by Zoroaster; [10] and the Biblical Book ...