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Jean Baptiste André Dumas (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ batist ɑ̃dʁe dyma]; 14 July 1800 – 10 April 1884) was a French chemist, best known for his works on organic analysis and synthesis, as well as the determination of atomic weights (relative atomic masses) and molecular weights by measuring vapor densities.
Jean-Baptiste Dumas used the terms "physical atoms" and "chemical atoms"; a "physical atom" was a particle that cannot be divided by physical means such as temperature and pressure, and a "chemical atom" was a particle that could not be divided by chemical reactions. [27]
The Dumas method of molecular weight determination was historically a procedure used to determine the molecular weight of an unknown volatile substance. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The method was designed by the French chemist Jean Baptiste André Dumas , after whom the procedure is now named.
Many chemical syntheses and discoveries were published in Liebigs Annalen.Among these were Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff's discovery of caesium and its later isolation by Carl Setterberg, [2] Adolf Windaus' studies on the constitution of cholesterol and vitamins for which he was awarded the 1928 Nobel prize in Chemistry, [3] and many of Georg Wittig's publications, including the ...
Jean Servais Stas: Ghent Friedrich August Kekule von Stradonitz: France Paris Anselme Payen: Antoine Bussy: Antoine Jérôme Balard: Auguste André Thomas Cahours: Charles Adolphe Wurtz: Edmond Frémy: Eugéne-Melchior Péligot: Henri Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville: Henri Victor Regnault: Jean-Baptiste Boussingault: Jean-Baptiste Dumas: Louis ...
The year 1873, by many accounts, was a seminal point in the history of the development of the concept of the "molecule". In this year, the renowned Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell published his famous thirteen page article 'Molecules' in the September issue of Nature. [15] In the opening section to this article, Maxwell clearly states:
It was published by Francis Crick and James D. Watson in the scientific journal Nature on pages 737–738 of its 171st volume (dated 25 April 1953). [1] [2] Diagramatic representation of the key structural features of the DNA double helix. This figure does not depict B-DNA.
The French chemist Jean-Baptiste Dumas investigated the substitution of hydrogen for chlorine by acetic acid in candle wax as early as 1830. [1] He showed that for each mole of chlorine introduced into a hydrocarbon, one mole of hydrogen chloride is also formed and noted the light-sensitivity of this reaction. [ 2 ]