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  2. Conditional (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_(computer...

    If-then-else flow diagram A nested if–then–else flow diagram. In computer science, conditionals (that is, conditional statements, conditional expressions and conditional constructs) are programming language constructs that perform different computations or actions or return different values depending on the value of a Boolean expression, called a condition.

  3. Mutual recursion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual_recursion

    Some programming styles discourage mutual recursion, claiming that it can be confusing to distinguish the conditions which will return an answer from the conditions that would allow the code to run forever without producing an answer. Peter Norvig points to a design pattern which discourages the use entirely, stating: [8]

  4. Conditional operator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_operator

    In some programming languages, e.g. Java, ... If the condition is evaluated to true, the expression 1 will be evaluated. If the condition is evaluated to false, the ...

  5. Exclusive or - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exclusive_or

    With two inputs, XOR is true if and only if the inputs differ (one is true, one is false). With multiple inputs, XOR is true if and only if the number of true inputs is odd. [1] It gains the name "exclusive or" because the meaning of "or" is ambiguous when both operands are true. XOR excludes that case. Some informal ways of describing XOR are ...

  6. Ternary conditional operator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ternary_conditional_operator

    The detailed semantics of "the" ternary operator as well as its syntax differs significantly from language to language. A top level distinction from one language to another is whether the expressions permit side effects (as in most procedural languages) and whether the language provides short-circuit evaluation semantics, whereby only the selected expression is evaluated (most standard ...

  7. XOR gate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XOR_gate

    XOR gate (sometimes EOR, or EXOR and pronounced as Exclusive OR) is a digital logic gate that gives a true (1 or HIGH) output when the number of true inputs is odd. An XOR gate implements an exclusive or from mathematical logic; that is, a true output results if one, and only one, of the inputs to the gate is true.

  8. Parity bit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parity_bit

    In the case of odd parity, the coding is reversed. For a given set of bits, if the count of bits with a value of 1 is even, the parity bit value is set to 1 making the total count of 1s in the whole set (including the parity bit) an odd number. If the count of bits with a value of 1 is odd, the count is already odd so the parity bit's value is 0.

  9. Probable prime - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probable_prime

    For a fixed base a, it is unusual for a composite number to be a probable prime (that is, a pseudoprime) to that base. For example, up to 25 × 10 9, there are 11,408,012,595 odd composite numbers, but only 21,853 pseudoprimes base 2. [1]: 1005 The number of odd primes in the same interval is 1,091,987,404.