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The siege of Damascus (634) lasted from 21 August to 19 September 634 [2] before the city fell to the Rashidun Caliphate. Damascus was the first major city of the Eastern Roman Empire to fall in the Muslim conquest of Syria.
The Battle of the Yarmuk (also spelled Yarmouk) was a major battle between the army of the Byzantine Empire and the Arab Muslim forces of the Rashidun Caliphate.The battle consisted of a series of engagements that lasted for six days in August 636, near the Yarmouk River (also called the Hieromyces River), along what are now the borders of Syria–Jordan and Syria-Israel, southeast of the Sea ...
The term late Roman army is often used to include the East Roman army. The army of the Principate underwent a significant transformation, as a result of the chaotic 3rd century . Unlike the Principate army, the army of the 4th century was heavily dependent on conscription and its soldiers were more poorly remunerated than in the 2nd century.
Date c. 390. Roman soldiers in action. Note soldier at centre had an Intercisa-style helmet with iron crest (prob. indicating officer rank) and is wearing chain-mail or scale armour, evidence that Vegetius's claim that infantry dropped helmets and armour in the later 4th century is mistaken. Istanbul Archaeological Museum
This is a list of Roman army units and bureaucrats. Accensus – Light infantry men in the armies of the early Roman Republic, made up of the poorest men of the army. Actuarius – A soldier charged with distributing pay and provisions. Adiutor – A camp or headquarters adjutant or assistant. Aeneator – Military musician such as a bugler
572 BCE – Neo-Babylonians conquered Damascus; 538 BCE – Achaemenid Empire annexes Damascus; 333 BCE – Alexander the Great conquers Damascus; 112 BCE – Damascus fell to Antiochus IX Cyzicenus. [1] 150 CE – Damascus became a Roman provincial city under Trajan. [1] 4th century – Temple of Jupiter built by the Romans.
Third-century Roman soldiers battling barbarian troops on the Ludovisi Battle sarcophagus (250–260) Rome was established as a nation by making aggressive use of its high military potential. From very early on in its history, it would raise two armies annually to campaign abroad. The Roman military was far from being solely a defense force.
Romans "produced their share of incompetents" [5] who led Roman armies into catastrophic defeats. Nevertheless, it was generally the fate of even the greatest of Rome's enemies, such as Pyrrhus and Hannibal, to win the battle but lose the war. The history of Rome's campaigning is, if nothing else, a history of obstinate persistence overcoming ...