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A Northrop loom manufactured by Draper Corporation in the textile museum, Lowell, Massachusetts. A power loom is a mechanized loom, and was one of the key developments in the industrialization of weaving during the early Industrial Revolution. The first power loom was designed and patented in 1785 by Edmund Cartwright. [1]
A power loom is a loom powered by a source of energy other than the weaver's muscles. When power looms were developed, other looms came to be referred to as handlooms. Most cloth is now woven on power looms, but some is still woven on handlooms. [49] The development of power looms was gradual.
In the North West, weavers sought to eliminate the steam-powered looms threatening wages in the cotton trade. In Yorkshire, workers opposed the use of shearing frames and gig mills to finish woolen cloth. [20] Many Luddite groups were highly organized and pursued machine-breaking as one of several tools for achieving specific political ends.
William Radcliffe (1761?, in Mellor, Derbyshire – 20 May 1842, in Stockport [1]) was a British inventor and author of the essay Origin of the New System of Manufacture, Commonly Called Power Loom Weaving.
The vertical warp yarns are held stationary in tension on a loom (frame) while the horizontal weft (also called the woof) is drawn through (inserted over and under) the warp thread. [1] In the terminology of weaving, each warp thread is called a warp end (synonymous terms are fill yarn and filling yarn ); a pick is a single weft thread that ...
[2]: 59 Later machinery such as spinning frames, spinning mules and power looms were expensive (especially if water-powered), giving rise to capitalist ownership of factories. The majority of textile factory workers during the Industrial Revolution were unmarried women and children, including many orphans.
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The wool combing machine was invented by Edmund Cartwright, the inventor of the power loom, in Doncaster. The machine was used to arrange and lay parallel by length the fibers of wool, prior to further treatment. [1] [2] [3] [4]