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  2. Haplogroup - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup

    A haplotype is a group of alleles in an organism that are inherited together from a single parent, [1] [2] and a haplogroup (haploid from the Greek: ἁπλοῦς, haploûs, "onefold, simple" and English: group) is a group of similar haplotypes that share a common ancestor with a single-nucleotide polymorphism mutation. [3]

  3. Haplogroup A (mtDNA) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_A_(mtDNA)

    Haplogroup A2 is the most common haplogroup among the Inuit, Na-Dene, and many Amerind ethnic groups of North and Central America. Lineages belonging to haplogroup A2 also comprise the majority of the mtDNA pool of the Inuit and their neighbors, the Chukchis, in northeasternmost Siberia. [5] [6] [7]

  4. Haplogroup I (mtDNA) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I_(mtDNA)

    Haplogroup I is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. It is believed to have originated about 21,000 years ago, during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) period in West Asia ((Olivieri 2013); Terreros 2011; Fernandes 2012).

  5. Haplogroup H (mtDNA) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)

    Haplogroup H is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. The clade is believed to have originated in Southwest Asia , near present day Syria, [ 1 ] around 20,000 to 25,000 years ago. Mitochondrial haplogroup H is today predominantly found in Europe, and is believed to have evolved before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM).

  6. Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_mitochondrial_DNA...

    In human genetics, a human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup is a haplogroup defined by differences in human mitochondrial DNA. Haplogroups are used to represent the major branch points on the mitochondrial phylogenetic tree.

  7. Haplogroup M (mtDNA) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_M_(mtDNA)

    There is a debate concerning the geographical origins of Haplogroup M and its sibling haplogroup N. Both lineages are thought to have been the main surviving lineages involved in the out of Africa migration (or migrations) because all indigenous lineages found outside Africa belong to haplogroup M or haplogroup N. Scientists are unsure whether the mutations that define haplogroups M and N ...

  8. Haplogroup I-M170 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I-M170

    Haplogroup I2a1b-M423 is the most frequent Y-chromosome haplogroup I-M170 in Central and Eastern European populations, reaching its peak in the Western Balkans, most notably in Dalmatia (50–60% [33]) and Bosnia-Herzegovina (up to 71%, [96] avg. 40-50% [33]). Its subclade I-L161 has greater variance in Ireland and Great Britain, but overall ...

  9. Haplogroup L3 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_L3

    Haplogroup L3 is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. The clade has played a pivotal role in the early dispersal of anatomically modern humans . It is strongly associated with the out-of-Africa migration of modern humans of about 70–50,000 years ago.

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