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Which operation is performed, 3n + 1 / 2 or n / 2 , depends on the parity. The parity sequence is the same as the sequence of operations. Using this form for f(n), it can be shown that the parity sequences for two numbers m and n will agree in the first k terms if and only if m and n are equivalent modulo 2 k. This implies that ...
Lothar Collatz (German:; July 6, 1910 – September 26, 1990) was a German mathematician, born in Arnsberg, Westphalia. The "3x + 1" problem is also known as the Collatz conjecture, named after him and still unsolved. The Collatz–Wielandt formula for the Perron–Frobenius eigenvalue of a positive square matrix was also named after him.
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In the original Collatz sequence, the successor of n is either n / 2 (for even n) or 3n + 1 (for odd n). The value 3n + 1 is clearly even for odd n, hence the next term after 3n + 1 is surely 3n + 1 / 2 . In the sequence computed by the tag system below we skip this intermediate step, hence the successor of n is 3n + 1 / 2 ...
The parity sequences discussed can, of course, be played in reverse giving you similar equations. Also, check the references for "Blueprint for Failure: How to Construct a Counterexample to the Collatz Conjecture". In that paper (by yours truly) is an equation system similar to the parity sequences.
The parity function maps a number to the number of 1's in its binary representation, modulo 2, so its value is zero for evil numbers and one for odious numbers. The Thue–Morse sequence, an infinite sequence of 0's and 1's, has a 0 in position i when i is evil, and a 1 in that position when i is odious. [23]
[INSERT FIGURE OF GENERAL EQUATION] ----- Since 3n + 1 is even whenever n is odd, one may instead use the "shortcut" form of the Collatz function: Figure of equation This definition yields smaller values for the stopping time and total stopping time without changing the overall dynamics of the process.
Parity; Divisor, aliquot part. Greatest common divisor; Least common multiple; Euclidean algorithm; Coprime; Euclid's lemma; Bézout's identity, Bézout's lemma; Extended Euclidean algorithm; Table of divisors; Prime number, prime power. Bonse's inequality; Prime factor. Table of prime factors; Formula for primes; Factorization. RSA number ...