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A plant or animal that is not native to the area in which it occurs which was either intentionally or unintentionally introduced (Williams and Meffe 2005). Non native species This term, along with the terms introduced species and nonindigenous species , is one of the most commonly used terms to describe a plant or animal species that is not ...
Other terms for the field include wildlife damage management, wildlife control, and animal damage control. Some wild animal species may get used to human presence, causing property damage or risking the transfer of diseases ( zoonoses ) to humans or pets.
Invasive species may be plants, animals, fungi, and microbes; some include native species that have invaded human habitats such as farms and landscapes. [5] Some broaden the term to include indigenous or "native" species that have colonized natural areas. [ 4 ]
A flock of birds might drive a powerful animal away from food. Costs of mobbing behavior include the risk of engaging with predators, as well as energy expended in the process. The black-headed gull is a species which aggressively engages intruding predators, such as carrion crows.
In biology, overabundant species refers to an excessive number of individuals [1] and occurs when the normal population density has been exceeded. Increase in animal populations is influenced by a variety of factors, some of which include habitat destruction or augmentation by human activity, the introduction of invasive species and the reintroduction of threatened species to protected reserves.
There is a strong evolutionary pressure for prey animals to avoid predators through camouflage, and for predators to be able to detect camouflaged prey. There can be a self-perpetuating coevolution, in the shape of an evolutionary arms race, between the perceptive abilities of animals attempting to detect the cryptic animal and the cryptic characteristics of the hiding species.
It is important that this happens at an early stage in order that a proper record of the decision-making process is made which can be produced subsequently if necessary.
Wildlife management is the management process influencing interactions among and between wildlife, its habitats and people to achieve predefined impacts. [1] [2] [3] Wildlife management can include wildlife conservation, population control, gamekeeping, wildlife contraceptive and pest control.