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Ngaanyatjarra is a Western Desert language belonging to the Wati branch of the Pama-Nyungan languages. [1] Ngaatjatjarra is mutually intelligible with Ngaanyatjarra, and both are treated as dialects of the one language.
Ngaanyatjarra ([ˈŋɐːn̪ɐt̪ɐrɐ]; also Ngaanyatjara, Ngaanjatjarra) is a dialect of the Western Desert language spoken primarily by the Ngaanyatjarra people. It is very similar to its close neighbour Ngaatjatjarra , with which it is highly mutually intelligible .
The ethnonym Ngaatjatjarra essentially translates to "ngaatja-having", ngaatja meaning "this, here" and -tjarra meaning "with, having". Compare the neighbouring people Ngaanyatjarra , which translates to " ngaanya -having", where instead "this, here" translates to ngaanya .
This distinguishes it from its near neighbour Yankunytjatjara which has yankunytja for the same meaning. [4] This naming strategy is also the source of the names of Ngaanyatjarra and Ngaatjatjarra but in that case the names contrast the two languages based on their words for "this" (respectively, ngaanya and ngaatja).
The Pitjantjatjara and Yankunytjatjara people (aṉangu) had lived in this area for many thousands of years.Even after the British began to colonise the Australian continent from 1788 onwards, and the colonisation of South Australia from 1836, the aṉangu remained more or less undisturbed for many more years, apart from very occasional encounters with a variety of European explorers.
The term, which embraces several distinct "tribes" or peoples, in particular the Ngaanyatjarra, Pitjantjatjara and Yankunytjatjara groups, is pronounced with the stress on the first syllable: . The term
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