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The All India Muslim Personal Law Board was established for the protection and continued applicability of "Muslim Personal Law", i.e. Shariat Application Act in India. The Sachar Committee was asked to report about the condition of Muslims in India in 2005.
[4] [5] Though the Muslim dynasties in India were diverse in origin, they were linked together by the Persianate culture and Islam. The height of Islamic rule was marked during the reign of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb (r. 1658–1707), during which the Fatawa Alamgiri was compiled, which briefly served as the legal system of Mughal Empire. [6]
Fatawa-i Alamgiri, as the documented Islamic law book, became the foundation of legal system of India during Aurangzeb and later Muslim rulers. Further, the English-speaking judges relied on Muslim law specialist elites to establish the law of the land, because the original Fatawa-i Alamgiri (Al-Hindiya) was written in Arabic.
Evidence of Muslim personal code can be found since 1206 on the Indian peninsula with the establishment of Islamic rule in parts of the region. [4] During the reign of Mamluk dynasty (1206–1290 A.D), Khalji dynasty (1290–1321), the Tughlaq dynasty (1321–1413), the Lodi dynasty (1451–1526) and the Sur dynasty (1539–1555), the court of Shariat, assisted by the Mufti, dealt with cases ...
As the Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms of Asia were subjugated by Islam, and as Islam spread through Africa, it became a highly centralising force that facilitated in the creation of a common legal system that allowed letters of credit issued in say Egypt or Tunisia to be honoured in India or Indonesia (sharia has laws on the transaction of ...
Key features of Anglo-Muhammadan law included the recognition of Islamic personal laws in matters such as marriage, inheritance, and family relations. Islamic legal scholars and judges (Qazis) were often involved in the administration of this legal system. [3] A notable case that involved the application of Anglo-Muhammadan law is the Shah Bano ...
Family laws in India are different when Warren Hastings in 1772 created provisions prescribing Hindu law for Hindus and Islamic law for Muslims, for litigation relating to personal matters. [52] However, after independence, efforts have been made to modernise various aspects of personal law and bring about uniformity among various religions.
Muslim family affairs in India are governed by the Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act, 1937 (often called the "Muslim Personal Law"). It was one of the first acts to be passed after the Government of India Act 1935 became operational, introducing provincial autonomy and a form of dyarchy at the federal level.