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Cystic hygromas are benign, but can be disfiguring. It is a condition which usually affects children; very rarely it can be present in adulthood. [2] Currently, the medical field prefers to use the term lymphatic malformation, because the term cystic hygroma means water tumor. [3]
Individuals with CCS should get full-skin and possibly other organ (e.g. salivary gland) examinations performed yearly in routine cases, every 2–3 months in cases where their tumors show rapid growth or the formation of numerous new skin tumors, and immediately in cases where their tumors develop signs of malignancy (e.g. tumor ulceration ...
In rare cases, drainage may become necessary. A surgical treatment of a cyst of Montgomery, i.e. a resection, may become necessary only if a cyst of Montgomery persists, or the diagnosis is questioned clinically. [5] The prognosis seems to be excellent. In one series, all adolescent patients with a cyst of Montgomery had a favourable outcome. [6]
Macrocystic have cysts greater than 2 cubic centimetres (0.12 cu in), and microcystic lymphatic malformation have cysts that are smaller than 2 cubic centimetres (0.12 cu in). [2] These malformations can occur at any age and may involve any part of the body, but 90% occur in children less than 2 years of age and involve the head and neck.
A dermoid cyst is a teratoma of a cystic nature that contains an array of developmentally mature, solid tissues. It frequently consists of skin, hair follicles, and sweat glands, while other commonly found components include clumps of long hair, pockets of sebum, blood, fat, bone, nail, teeth, eyes, cartilage, and thyroid tissue.
The cyst wall is composed of squamous epithelium (90%), columnar cells with or without cilia, or a mixture of both, with lymphoid infiltrate, often with prominent germinal centers and few subcapsular lymph sinuses. The cyst is typically surrounded by lymphoid tissue that has attenuated or absent overlying epithelium due to inflammatory changes. [5]
Cysts can be removed by excision. [6]In case of fronto-ethmoidal epidermoid cysts, surgical resection appears to be the mainstay of treatment; however, the extent of resection is dictated by adherence of the tumor capsule to the surrounding vital structures.
The tumors, which are typically found in regions like the scalp with a high density of hair follicles, can be solid or solid cystic. Proliferating trichilemmal cyst frequently manifests clinically as a subcutaneous nodule that gradually grows into a big nodular mass. Rapid growth in some cases may be a sign of malignant development into cancer. [3]