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Stable Diffusion originated from a project called Latent Diffusion, [11] developed in Germany by researchers at Ludwig Maximilian University in Munich and Heidelberg University. Four of the original 5 authors (Robin Rombach, Andreas Blattmann, Patrick Esser and Dominik Lorenz) later joined Stability AI and released subsequent versions of Stable ...
Gemini's launch was preluded by months of intense speculation and anticipation, which MIT Technology Review described as "peak AI hype". [49] [20] In August 2023, Dylan Patel and Daniel Nishball of research firm SemiAnalysis penned a blog post declaring that the release of Gemini would "eat the world" and outclass GPT-4, prompting OpenAI CEO Sam Altman to ridicule the duo on X (formerly Twitter).
Llama (Large Language Model Meta AI, formerly stylized as LLaMA) is a family of autoregressive large language models (LLMs) released by Meta AI starting in February 2023. [2] [3] The latest version is Llama 3.3, released in December 2024.
xAI was founded by Musk [7] [8] [9] in Nevada [4] on March 9, 2023, and has since been headquartered in the San Francisco Bay Area in California. [10] Igor Babuschkin, formerly associated with Google's DeepMind unit, was recruited by Musk to be Chief Engineer.
Diffusion is a property of substances in water; substances in water tend to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. [26] Blood flows by one side of a semi-permeable membrane, and a dialysate, or special dialysis fluid, flows by the opposite side.
Dispersion of gravity waves on a fluid surface. Phase and group velocity divided by shallow-water phase velocity √ gh as a function of relative depth h / λ. Blue lines (A): phase velocity; Red lines (B): group velocity; Black dashed line (C): phase and group velocity √ gh valid in shallow water.
However, because water is a polar molecule this process of simple diffusion is relatively slow, and in tissues with high water permeability the majority of water passes through aquaporin. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The 2003 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded jointly to Peter Agre for the discovery of aquaporins [ 6 ] and Roderick MacKinnon for his work on ...
In physics and engineering, permeation (also called imbuing) is the penetration of a permeate (a fluid such as a liquid, gas, or vapor) through a solid.It is directly related to the concentration gradient of the permeate, a material's intrinsic permeability, and the materials' mass diffusivity. [1]