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Modular programming is a software design technique that emphasizes separating the functionality of a program into independent, interchangeable modules, such that each contains everything necessary to execute only one aspect or "concern" of the desired functionality. A module interface expresses the elements that are provided and required by the ...
For example, in Python, any class can implement an __iter__ method and be used as a collection. [3] Type classes in languages like Haskell, or module signatures in ML and OCaml, are used for many of the things that protocols are used for. [clarification needed] In Rust, interfaces are called traits. [4]
A module must have an initializer function that is equivalent to, or complementary to an object constructor method. This feature is not supported by regular namespaces. A module must have a finalizer function that is equivalent to, or complementary to an object destructor method. This feature is not supported by regular namespaces.
Interface-based programming, also known as interface-based architecture, is an architectural pattern for implementing modular programming at the component level in an object-oriented programming language which does not have a module system. An example of such a language is Java prior to Java 9, which lacked the Java Platform Module System, a ...
An interface is identified by an interface ID (IID), a GUID. A custom interface, anything derived from IUnknown, provides early bound access via a pointer to a virtual method table that contains a list of pointers to the functions that implement the functions declared in the interface, in the order they are declared. An in-process invocation ...
C#: Since version 8.0, C# has support for default interface methods, [7] which have some properties of traits. [8] C++: Used in Standard Template Library and the C++ standard library to support generic container classes [9] [10] and in the Boost TypeTraits library. [11]
An interface is passed to the generic interface and implementation modules as arguments, and the compiler will generate concrete modules. For example, one could define a GenericStack, then instantiate it with interfaces such as IntegerElem , or RealElem , or even interfaces to Objects, as long as each of those interfaces defines the properties ...
This adapter pattern uses multiple polymorphic interfaces implementing or inheriting both the interface that is expected and the interface that is pre-existing. It is typical for the expected interface to be created as a pure interface class, especially in languages such as Java (before JDK 1.8) that do not support multiple inheritance of classes.