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Lapidary (from the Latin lapidarius) is the practice of shaping stone, minerals, or gemstones into decorative items such as cabochons, engraved gems (including cameos), and faceted designs. A person who practices lapidary techniques of cutting, grinding, and polishing is known as a lapidary or lapidarist.
1 Gemstone diamond producers. 2 Industrial diamonds. 3 References. ... These diamonds have numerous industrial and commercial uses including cutting tools, ...
The machines must be more durable and have different features than cutting machines for other gemstones. The process is far more involved and, of course, more expensive, so diamond cutting hobbyists are far rarer than cutters of other gemstones. A gemcutter who can cut professional-quality diamonds is called a diamantaire.
The first major development in diamond cutting came with the "Point Cut" during the later half of the 14th century: the Point Cut follows the natural shape of an octahedral rough diamond crystal, [2] eliminating some waste in the cutting process. Diamond cutting, as well as overall processing, is concentrated in a few cities around the world.
The Tang dynasty Leshan Giant Buddha, near Leshan in Sichuan province, China. Construction began in 713, and was completed in 803. It is the largest stone-carved Buddha in the world. Bas-Relief, late 19th century CE. Limestone. Brooklyn Museum. Carving stone into sculpture is an activity older than civilization itself.
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Avid rock collectors often use their specimens to learn about gemstones, petrology, mineralogy and geology as well as skills in the identification and classifying of specimen rocks, and preparing them for display. The hobby can lead naturally into lapidary projects, and also the cutting, polishing, and mounting of gemstones and minerals. The ...