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The words protein, polypeptide, and peptide are a little ambiguous and can overlap in meaning. Protein is generally used to refer to the complete biological molecule in a stable conformation, whereas peptide is generally reserved for a short amino acid oligomers often lacking a stable 3D structure. But the boundary between the two is not well ...
An apoenzyme (or, generally, an apoprotein) is the protein without any small-molecule cofactors, substrates, or inhibitors bound. It is often important as an inactive storage, transport, or secretory form of a protein. This is required, for instance, to protect the secretory cell from the activity of that protein.
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...
Protein metabolism denotes the various biochemical processes responsible for the synthesis of proteins and amino acids (anabolism), and the breakdown of proteins by catabolism. The steps of protein synthesis include transcription, translation, and post translational modifications.
Pyruvate kinase, a protein with three domains (In molecular biology, a protein domain is a region of a protein's polypeptide chain that is self-stabilizing and that folds independently from the rest. Each domain forms a compact folded three-dimensional structure. Many proteins consist of several domains, and a domain may appear in a variety of ...
Protein primary structure is the linear sequence of amino acids in a peptide or protein. [1] By convention, the primary structure of a protein is reported starting ...
In molecular biology, binding domain is a protein domain which binds to a specific atom or molecule, such as calcium or DNA.A protein domain is a part of a protein sequence and a tertiary structure that can change or evolve, function, and live by itself independent of the rest of the protein chain. [1]
The nucleolin protein binds some mRNAs (e.g. mRNA for Interleukin-6). This protects those mRNAs from degradation by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus when infected. This RNA-nucleolin complex is then safely transported to the cytosol for translation by ribosomes to produce the Interleukin-6 protein, which is involved in antiviral immune ...