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With substantial evidence, Hugh Huxley formally proposed the mechanism for sliding filament which is variously called swinging cross-bridge model, cross-bridge theory or cross-bridge model. [ 3 ] [ 30 ] (He himself preferred the name "swinging crossbridge model", because, as he recalled, "it [the discovery] was, after all, the 1960s". [ 2 ] )
Once another ATP binds to myosin, the myosin head will again detach from actin and another cross-bridge cycle occurs. Cross-bridge cycling is able to continue as long as there are sufficient amounts of ATP and Ca 2+ in the cytoplasm. [26] Termination of cross-bridge cycling can occur when Ca 2+ is actively pumped back into the sarcoplasmic ...
The binding of the myosin head to actin is known as a cross-bridge. A molecule, called adenosine triphosphate (ATP) which is produced by an intracellular structure called a mitochondrion, is then used, as a source of energy, to help move the myosin head, carrying the actin. As a result, the actin slides across the myosin filament shortening the ...
Activation consists of phosphorylation of a serine on position 19 (Ser19) on the MLC 20 light chain, which causes a conformational change that increases the angle in the neck domain of the myosin heavy chain, [8] which corresponds to the part of the cross-bridge cycle where the myosin head is unattached to the actin filament and relocates to ...
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A Hamiltonian cycle, Hamiltonian circuit, vertex tour or graph cycle is a cycle that visits each vertex exactly once. A graph that contains a Hamiltonian cycle is called a Hamiltonian graph . Similar notions may be defined for directed graphs , where each edge (arc) of a path or cycle can only be traced in a single direction (i.e., the vertices ...
Each dynein molecule thus forms a cross-bridge between two adjacent microtubules of the ciliary axoneme. During the "power stroke", which causes movement, the AAA ATPase motor domain undergoes a conformational change that causes the microtubule-binding stalk to pivot relative to the cargo-binding tail with the result that one microtubule slides ...
The structure that results is a cross-strand exchange, also known as a Holliday junction. The contact between two chromatids that will soon undergo crossing-over is known as a chiasma . The Holliday junction is a tetrahedral structure which can be 'pulled' by other recombinases, moving it along the four-stranded structure.