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An orbital blowout fracture is a traumatic deformity of the orbital floor or medial wall that typically results from the impact of a blunt object larger than the orbital aperture, or eye socket. [1] Most commonly this results in a herniation of orbital contents through the orbital fractures. [ 1 ]
Its inferior rounded border forms the postero-lateral boundary of the inferior orbital fissure. Its medial sharp margin forms the lower boundary of the superior orbital fissure and has projecting from about its center a little tubercle that gives attachment to the inferior head of the lateral rectus muscle; at the upper part of this margin is a ...
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The orbital surface presents medially by trochlear fovea and laterally by lacrimal fossa. [8] The floor (inferior wall) is formed by the orbital surface of maxilla, the orbital surface of zygomatic bone and the minute orbital process of palatine bone. Medially, near the orbital margin, is located the groove for nasolacrimal duct. Near the ...
Unlike an orbital blow out fracture, however, the orbital rim can be involved. The posterior vertical buttress is usually spared, and is more commonly involved in Lefort fractures. Specifically, one of two positions at the lateral orbital wall can be involved, either above at its superior junction with the zygomaticofrontal suture or below at ...
The inferior orbital fissure is a gap between the greater wing of sphenoid bone, and the maxilla. It connects the orbit (anteriorly) with the infratemporal fossa and pterygopalatine fossa (posteriorly).
The muscle forms an important part of the lateral orbital wall in some animals and can act to change the wall's volume in lower mammals, [4] while in humans it is not known to have any significant function, but its contraction may possibly produce a slight forward protrusion of the eyeball. [2]
The last muscle is the inferior oblique, which originates at the lower front of the nasal orbital wall, passes inferiorly over the inferior rectus muscle on its path laterally and posteriorly, and inserts under the lateral rectus muscle on the lateral, posterior part of the globe. Thus, the inferior oblique pulls the eye upward and laterally.