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Afghanistan is a linguistically diverse nation, with upwards of 40 distinct languages. [3] [ Note 1] However, Dari and Pashto are two of the most prominent languages in the country, and have shared official status under various governments of Afghanistan.
The Kabuli dialect is an eastern Persian dialect spoken in capital of Afghanistan, Kabul, and its surroundings.Because Kabul was for a long time under the rule of dynasties in both Iran (the Safavids) and India (the Mughals), whom chose Persian as their official language, the Kabuli dialect has enjoyed great prominence as a dialect that has been widely spoken for many centuries.
Dari Persian is the official language for approximately 35 million people in Afghanistan [14] and it serves as the common language for inter-ethnic communication in the country. [15] As defined in the 2004 Constitution of Afghanistan, Dari Persian is one of the two official languages of Afghanistan; the other is Pashto. [16]
Pamir languages of Afghanistan (5 P) Pashto (9 C, 14 P) Persian language (22 C, 25 P) T. Turkic languages of Afghanistan (4 C, 6 P)
Kabul is also spelled as Cabool, Cabol, Kabol, or Cabul. [citation needed]Kabul was known by different names throughout its history. [22] Its meaning is unknown, but "certainly pre-dates the advent of Islam when it was an important centre on the route between India and the Hellenic world". [23]
Ethnic groups in Afghanistan as of 1997. Afghanistan is a multiethnic and mostly tribal society. The population of the country consists of numerous ethnolinguistic groups: mainly the Pashtun, Tajik, Hazara, and Uzbek, as well as the minorities of Aimaq, Turkmen, Baloch, Pashai, Nuristani, Gujjar, Brahui, Qizilbash, Pamiri, Kyrgyz, Moghol, and others.
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The three main languages spoken among the Afghan people are Dari, Pashto, and Uzbek. [ 43 ] [ 44 ] Historically, the term "Afghan" was a Pashtun ethnonym , but later came to refer to all people in the country, regardless of their ethnicity.