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  2. Substance dependence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance_dependence

    Substance dependence, also known as drug dependence, is a biopsychological situation whereby an individual's functionality is dependent on the necessitated re-consumption of a psychoactive substance because of an adaptive state that has developed within the individual from psychoactive substance consumption that results in the experience of withdrawal and that necessitates the re-consumption ...

  3. Benzodiazepine use disorder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzodiazepine_use_disorder

    A 1991 study indicated that diazepam, in particular, had a greater abuse liability among people who were drug abusers than did many of the other benzodiazepines. Some of the available data also suggested that lorazepam and alprazolam are more diazepam-like in having relatively high abuse liability, while oxazepam, halazepam, and possibly ...

  4. Opioid use disorder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opioid_use_disorder

    A scale was developed to compare the harm and dependence liability of 20 drugs. [80] The scale uses a rating of zero to three to rate physical dependence, psychological dependence, and pleasure to create a mean score for dependence. [80] Selected results can be seen in the chart below. Heroin and morphine both scored highest, at 3.0. [80]

  5. Dying To Be Free - The Huffington Post

    projects.huffingtonpost.com/dying-to-be-free...

    Chemistry, not moral failing, accounts for the brain’s unwinding. In the laboratories that study drug addiction, researchers have found that the brain becomes conditioned by the repeated dopamine rush caused by heroin. “The brain is not designed to handle it,” said Dr. Ruben Baler, a scientist with the National Institute on Drug Abuse.

  6. Benzodiazepine dependence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzodiazepine_dependence

    In the case of benzodiazepine dependence, the continued use seems to be typically associated with the avoidance of unpleasant withdrawal reaction rather than with the pleasurable effects of the drug. [1] Benzodiazepine dependence develops with long-term use, even at low therapeutic doses, [2] often without the described drug seeking behavior ...

  7. Substance abuse prevention - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance_abuse_prevention

    Research has shown, when drug use begins at an early age, there is a greater possibility for addiction to occur. [13] Three exacerbating factors that can influence substance use to become substance use are social approval, lack of perceived risks, and availability of drugs in the community. Youths from certain demographics are also at higher ...

  8. Substance abuse - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance_abuse

    The Physical harm, Dependence liability, and Social harm scores were each computed from the average of three distinct ratings. [1] The highest possible harm rating for each rating scale is 3.0. [1] Physical harm is the average rating of the scores for acute binge use, chronic use, and intravenous use. [1]

  9. Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comprehensive_Drug_Abuse...

    Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970; Long title: An Act to amend the Public Health Service Act and other laws to provide increased research, into, and prevention of, drug abuse and drug dependence; to provide for treatment and rehabilitation of drug abusers and drug dependent persons; and to strengthen existing law enforcement authority in the field of drug abuse.