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Horizontal optokinetic nystagmus. The optokinetic reflex ( OKR ), also referred to as the optokinetic response, or optokinetic nystagmus (OKN), is a compensatory reflex that supports visual image stabilization. [ 1] The purpose of OKR is to prevent image blur on the retina that would otherwise occur when an animal moves its head or navigates ...
Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus (HGN) testing is a common practice used by law enforcement in the United States in the identification of persons who are intoxicated or under the influence of a controlled substance. The key difference between recognizing PAN and horizontal gaze nystagmus is the position of the subject's head in relation to the body.
Exterior of labyrinth of the inner ear. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo ( BPPV) is a disorder arising from a problem in the inner ear. [ 3] Symptoms are repeated, brief periods of vertigo with movement, characterized by a spinning sensation upon changes in the position of the head. [ 1] This can occur with turning in bed or changing ...
How Water Therapy Can Help Dogs Regain Mobility. Water therapy, or hydrotherapy, can be an effective form of physical rehabilitation for dogs recovering from injuries, surgery, or arthritis. The ...
Nystagmus. Nystagmus is a condition of involuntary (or voluntary, in some cases) [1] eye movement. [2] People can be born with it but more commonly acquire it in infancy or later in life. In many cases it may result in reduced or limited vision. [3] In normal eyesight, while the head rotates about an axis, distant visual images are sustained by ...
According to pet behaviorists, "whale eye" is something that they would love for dog owners to take notice of. As dog behaviorist Kerry Stack, founder of Darwin Dogs Training, says, dog bites ...
Sarcoptic Mange, also known as canine scabies, is caused by an eight-legged mite. This highly contagious parasite can spread from dog to dog and even be transmitted to humans. Symptoms include ...
The officer checks for three clues in each eye, which gives six clues for this test. The clues are: lack of smooth pursuit of the eyes, distinct and sustained nystagmus at the eyes' maximum deviation and nystagmus starting before the eyes reach 45 degrees. Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus Instructions (HGN) I am going to check your eyes.