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  2. Alkaloid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaloid

    If necessary, an aqueous solution of alkaloid salts is again made alkaline and treated with an organic solvent. The process is repeated until the desired purity is achieved. In the acidic extraction, the raw plant material is processed by a weak acidic solution (e.g., acetic acid in water, ethanol, or methanol). A base is then added to convert ...

  3. IISER Aptitude Test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IISER_Aptitude_Test

    The syllabus generally follows the NCERT syllabus for classes 11 and 12. For 2024 exam, it will follow the rationalized syllabus of 2023-24. Syllabus for IAT [ 9 ]

  4. Plant–animal interaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantanimal_interaction

    Plantanimal interaction. Plant-animal interactions are important pathways for the transfer of energy within ecosystems, where both advantageous and unfavorable interactions support ecosystem health. [ 1][ 2] Plant-animal interactions can take on important ecological functions and manifest in a variety of combinations of favorable and ...

  5. Pontederia crassipes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontederia_crassipes

    Pontederia crassipes (formerly Eichhornia crassipes ), commonly known as common water hyacinth, is an aquatic plant native to South America, naturalized throughout the world, and often invasive outside its native range. [ 1][ 2][ 3] It is the sole species of the subgenus Oshunae within the genus Pontederia. [ 4]

  6. Cryptogam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptogam

    At one time, the cryptogams were formally recognised as a group within the plant kingdom. In his system for classification of all known plants and animals, Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778) divided the plant kingdom into 24 classes, [1] one of which was the "Cryptogamia". This included all plants with concealed reproductive organs.

  7. Abscisic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abscisic_acid

    Abscisic acid (ABA) is an isoprenoid plant hormone, which is synthesized in the plastidal 2- C -methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathway; unlike the structurally related sesquiterpenes, which are formed from the mevalonic acid -derived precursor farnesyl diphosphate (FDP), the C 15 backbone of ABA is formed after cleavage of C 40 ...

  8. Plant nutrition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_nutrition

    Plant nutrition is the study of the chemical elements and compounds necessary for plant growth and reproduction, plant metabolism and their external supply. In its absence the plant is unable to complete a normal life cycle, or that the element is part of some essential plant constituent or metabolite. This is in accordance with Justus von ...

  9. Plant breeding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_breeding

    Plant breeding. Plant breeding is the science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics. [ 1] It has been used to improve the quality of nutrition in products for humans and animals. [ 2] The goals of plant breeding are to produce crop varieties that boast unique and superior traits for a variety of applications.