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Anticonvulsant. Anticonvulsants (also known as antiepileptic drugs, antiseizure drugs, or anti-seizure medications (ASM)) are a diverse group of pharmacological agents used in the treatment of epileptic seizures. [ 1 ] Anticonvulsants are also increasingly being used in the treatment of bipolar disorder [ 2 ][ 3 ] and borderline personality ...
A breakthrough seizure is an epileptic seizure that occurs despite the use of anticonvulsants that have otherwise successfully prevented seizures in the patient. [ 52 ] : 456 Breakthrough seizures may be more dangerous than non-breakthrough seizures because they are unexpected by the patient, who may have considered themselves free from ...
140,000 (2021) [ 9 ] Epilepsy is a group of non-communicable neurological disorders characterized by recurrent epileptic seizures. [ 10 ] An epileptic seizure is the clinical manifestation of an abnormal, excessive, and synchronized electrical discharge in the neurons. [ 1 ] The occurrence of two or more unprovoked seizures defines epilepsy. [ 11 ]
A seizure is a period of symptoms due to abnormally excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. [6] Outward effects vary from uncontrolled shaking movements involving much of the body with loss of consciousness (tonic-clonic seizure), to shaking movements involving only part of the body with variable levels of consciousness (focal seizure), to a subtle momentary loss of awareness ...
Valproate has a broad spectrum of anticonvulsant activity, although it is primarily used as a first-line treatment for tonic–clonic seizures, absence seizures and myoclonic seizures and as a second-line treatment for partial seizures and infantile spasms.
Diazepam, sold under the brand name Valium among others, is a medicine of the benzodiazepine family that acts as an anxiolytic. [ 14 ] It is used to treat a range of conditions, including anxiety, seizures, alcohol withdrawal syndrome, muscle spasms, insomnia, and restless legs syndrome. [ 14 ]
Oxcarbazepine is an anticonvulsant used to reduce the occurrence of epileptic episodes, and is not intended to cure epilepsy. [ 12 ] Oxcarbazepine is used alone or in combination with other medications for the treatment of focal (partial) seizures in adults. [ 3 ]
However, can be used in combination with other anticonvulsants during combined absence and tonic-clonic seizures. Seizures during surgery: A 2018 meta-analysis found that early antiepileptic treatment with either phenytoin or phenobarbital reduced the risk of seizure in the first week after neurosurgery for brain tumors. [12]
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