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Bronze disease is the chloride corrosion of cuprous (copper-based) artifacts. It was originally thought to be caused by bacteria. [ 1 ] It is contagious in that the chlorides which cause it can spread the condition if they are brought into contact with another cuprous object. Despite its name, bronze disease can affect any copper-bearing alloy ...
Gold, silver and bronze or copper were the principal coinage metals of the ancient world, the medieval period and into the late modern period when the diversity of coinage metals increased. Coins are often made from more than one metal, either using alloys, coatings (cladding / plating) or bimetallic configurations.
The term "follis" is used for the large bronze coin denomination (40 nummi) introduced in 498, with the coinage reform of Anastasius, which included a series of bronze denominations with their values marked in Greek numerals. The fals (a corruption of follis) was a bronze coin issued by the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates beginning in the late ...
These cash coins have a large dot above on the reverse side. They are made of iron and the same coin cast in bronze is extremely rare. 922: Wang Shenzhi: Kaiyuan Tongbao: 開元通寶: kāiyuán tōng bǎo: These cash coins have the character Min (Chinese: 閩; pinyin: mǐn) on the reverse. They are from the Fujian region and made of lead. Wang ...
The penny of Great Britain and the United Kingdom from 1714 to 1901, the period in which the House of Hanover reigned, saw the transformation of the penny from a little-used small silver coin to the bronze piece recognisable to modern-day Britons. All bear the portrait of the monarch on the obverse; copper and bronze pennies have a depiction of ...
Ptolemaic coinage. A silver tetradrachm of Ptolemy IV Philopator (r. 221 – 205 BC); an undated issue from the Arados royal mint, struck c. 214–212 BC, 26 mm in width, 14.10 gm in weight; the obverse shows a diademed head of Ptolemy I Soter wearing the aegis, while the reverse shows an eagle standing on a thunderbolt with a Greek inscription ...
The Frome Hoard is a hoard of 52,503 Roman coins found in April 2010, by metal detectorist Dave Crisp near Frome in Somerset, England. [ 1 ] The coins were contained in a ceramic pot 45 cm (18 in) in diameter, [ 2 ] and date from AD 253 to 305. Most of the coins are made from debased silver or bronze. [ 1 ]
Byzantine coinage. Byzantine currency, money used in the Eastern Roman Empire after the fall of the West, consisted of mainly two types of coins: gold solidi and hyperpyra and a variety of clearly valued bronze coins. By the 15th century, the currency was issued only in debased silver stavrata and minor copper coins with no gold issue. [1]