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t. e. Qur'anic hermeneutics is the study of theories of the interpretation and understanding of the Qur'an, the central text of Islam. Since the early centuries of Islam, scholars have sought to mine the wealth of its meanings by developing a variety of different methods of hermeneutics. Many of the traditional methods of interpretation are ...
The Quran, [ c ] also romanized Qur'an or Koran, [ d ] is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation directly from God (Allāh). It is organized in 114 chapters (surah, pl. suwer) which consist of individual verses (āyah). Besides its religious significance, it is widely regarded as the finest work in Arabic ...
A thyristor (/ θaɪˈrɪstər /) is a solid-state semiconductor device which can be thought of as being a highly robust and switchable diode, allowing the passage of current in one direction but not the other, often under control of a gate electrode, that is used in high power applications like inverters and radar generators.
Ibn Warraq (born 1946) is the pen name of an anonymous author critical of Islam. He is the founder of the Institute for the Secularisation of Islamic Society and used to be a senior research fellow at the Center for Inquiry, [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] focusing on Quranic criticism. [ 4 ][ 5 ] Warraq is the vice-president of the World Encounter Institute.
Hagarism: The Making of the Islamic World is a 1977 book about the early history of Islam by the historians Patricia Crone and Michael Cook. [1] Drawing on archaeological evidence and contemporary documents in Arabic, Armenian, Coptic, Greek, Hebrew, Aramaic, Latin and Syriac, Crone and Cook depict an early Islam very different from the traditionally-accepted version derived from Muslim ...
e. Esoteric interpretation of the Quran (Arabic: تأويل, romanized:taʾwīl) is the allegorical interpretation of the Quran or the quest for its hidden, inner meanings. The Arabic word taʾwīl was synonymous with conventional interpretation in its earliest use, but it came to mean a process of discerning its most fundamental understandings ...
Fi Zilal al-Qur'an by Sayyid Qutb has been translated as In the Shade of the Quran by Adil Salahi and A.A Shamis, Islamic Foundation; The Noble Quran: Meaning With Explanatory Notes by Muhammad Taqi Usmani; Tadabbur-e-Qur'an has been translated as Pondering over the Qur'an by Mohammad Saleem Kayani. Incomplete, in two volumes, Islamic Book Trust
e. Islamic holy books are certain religious scriptures that are viewed by Muslims as having valid divine significance, in that they were authored by God (Allah) through a variety of prophets and messengers, including those who predate the Quran. Among the group of religious texts considered to be valid revelations, the three that are mentioned ...