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  2. Transistor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor

    A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electrical signals and power. It is one of the basic building blocks of modern electronics. [1] It is composed of semiconductor material, usually with at least three terminals for connection to an electronic circuit.

  3. Solid-state electronics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state_electronics

    The first transistor hi-fi system was developed by engineers at GE and demonstrated at the University of Philadelphia in 1955. [9] In terms of commercial production, The Fisher TR-1 was the first "all transistor" preamplifier, which became available mid-1956. [10] In 1961, a company named Transis-tronics released a solid-state amplifier, the ...

  4. History of the transistor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_transistor

    It revolutionized the wider electronics industry, [86] including power electronics, [87] consumer electronics, control systems, and computers. [88] The MOSFET has since become the most common type of transistor in the world, with uses including computers, electronics, [ 36 ] and communications technology (such as smartphones ). [ 89 ]

  5. Semiconductor device - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_device

    Semiconductor device. A semiconductor device is an electronic component that relies on the electronic properties of a semiconductor material (primarily silicon, germanium, and gallium arsenide, as well as organic semiconductors) for its function. Its conductivity lies between conductors and insulators. Semiconductor devices have replaced vacuum ...

  6. Power electronics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_electronics

    Power electronics is the application of electronics to the control and conversion of electric power. The first high-power electronic devices were made using mercury-arc valves. In modern systems, the conversion is performed with semiconductor switching devices such as diodes, thyristors, and power transistors such as the power MOSFET and IGBT ...

  7. Integrated circuit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuit

    The pinouts are the dark circles surrounding the integrated circuit. An integrated circuit (IC), also known as a microchip, computer chip, or simply chip, is a small electronic device made up of multiple interconnected electronic components such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors. These components are etched onto a small piece of ...

  8. MOSFET - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MOSFET

    In electronics, the metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET, MOS-FET, MOS FET, or MOS transistor) is a type of field-effect transistor (FET), most commonly fabricated by the controlled oxidation of silicon. It has an insulated gate, the voltage of which determines the conductivity of the device.

  9. Insulated-gate bipolar transistor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulated-gate_bipolar...

    Working principle‍. Semiconductor. Invented. 1959. Electronic symbol. IGBT schematic symbol. An insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is a three-terminal power semiconductor device primarily forming an electronic switch. It was developed to combine high efficiency with fast switching. It consists of four alternating layers (NPNP) [ 1 ][ 2 ...

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