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  2. List of periods and events in climate history - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_periods_and_events...

    199.6. Triassic–Jurassic extinction event, causes as yet unclear. 66. Perhaps 30,000 years of volcanic activity form the Deccan Traps in India, or a large meteor impact. 66. Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary and Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, extinction of dinosaurs. 55.8. Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum. 53.7.

  3. Younger Dryas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Younger_Dryas

    The Younger Dryas (YD) was a period in Earth's geologic history that occurred circa 12,900 to 11,700 years Before Present (BP). [2] It is primarily known for the sudden or "abrupt" cooling in the Northern Hemisphere, when the North Atlantic Ocean cooled and annual air temperatures decreased by ~3 °C (5.4 °F) over North America, 2–6 °C (3.6–10.8 °F) in Europe and up to 10 °C (18 °F ...

  4. Holocene climatic optimum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holocene_climatic_optimum

    Holocene climatic optimum. The Holocene Climate Optimum (HCO) was a warm period in the first half of the Holocene epoch, that occurred in the interval roughly 9,500 to 5,500 years BP, [ 1 ] with a thermal maximum around 8000 years BP. It has also been known by many other names, such as Altithermal, Climatic Optimum, Holocene Megathermal ...

  5. Paleoclimatology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleoclimatology

    Paleoclimatology (British spelling, palaeoclimatology) is the scientific study of climates predating the invention of meteorological instruments, when no direct measurement data were available. [1] As instrumental records only span a tiny part of Earth's history, the reconstruction of ancient climate is important to understand natural variation ...

  6. Cave of Swimmers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_of_Swimmers

    They are estimated to have been created as early as 10,000 years ago with the beginning of the African Humid Period, when the Sahara was significantly greener and wetter than it is today. The climate change 10,000 years ago was due to changes in summer solar insolation and vegetation and dust feedbacks.

  7. Timeline of environmental history - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_environmental...

    Pre-Holocene (1.5 Ma) The time from roughly 15,000 to 5,000 BCE was a time of transition, and swift and extensive environmental change, as the planet was moving from an Ice age, towards an interstadial (warm period). Sea levels rose dramatically (and are continuing to do so), land that was depressed by glaciers began lifting up again, forests ...

  8. Past sea level - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Past_sea_level

    In sharp contrast, the period between 14,300 and 11,100 years ago, which includes the Younger Dryas interval, was an interval of reduced sea level rise at about 6.0–9.9 mm/yr. Meltwater pulse 1C was centered at 8,000 years ago and produced a rise of 6.5 m in less than 140 years, such that sea levels 5000 years ago were around 3m lower than ...

  9. Pleistocene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocene

    The Pleistocene (/ ˈplaɪstəˌsiːn, - stoʊ -/ PLY-stə-seen, -⁠stoh-; [ 5 ][ 6 ] often referred to colloquially as the Ice Age) is the geological epoch that lasted from c.2.58 million to 11,700 years ago, spanning the Earth's most recent period of repeated glaciations. Before a change was finally confirmed in 2009 by the International ...